How cultures use food Essay Example for Free

How cultures use food Essay 1. Outline the way different cultures use the value food? Out of the many different cultures present throughout the world, all value food in most similar ways. Most similarities can be struck between the availability of foods within their regions, specifically enviromental and seasonal ripening in the spring period. Food has become plentiful in Western civilisations over the past few decades, , due to the advances in agriculture allowing maximum growth and larger yields in the shortest amount of time (Chemgeneration 2011). This has also introduced interest into controversial genetically modified foods and the use of hybrid varieties of plants that have more desirable qualities. An example of this is Maize and certain potatoes that secrete a pesticide from the plant to ward of pests and insects, thus removing the need to use pesticides and chemicals (Chemgeneration 2011). Dr Rosalie McCauley (Development Office Department of Agriculture and Food WA, p1), obtained results that genetically modified foods haves been more increasingly used as the use of farmland increases exponentially at over 6% per year, seeing some 170.3 million hectares of GM foods being grown. In western society, there are a significant percentage of people either being overweight or obese, even Australia that has a population of approx 22 million (Australian Bureau of Statistics p1), with over 60% is considered over weight (ABS 2012, Australian Bureau of Statistics). Most overweight or obese individuals have and unhealthy relationship with food and it was theorised by Dr Carole Hungerford (Good Health in 21st Century) it can be considered ‘an addiction’. There is speculation as to why western society has such an addiction foods such as bread and milk, as we are the only species that drinks milk after weaning, especially that of another animal. Clinical studies and Medical Publications released by Dr J.L. Fortuna (PUBMED, 2010, p1) found clinical similarities for binge eating to that of drug dependences seeing a similar release of serotonin as with other drug dependencies. Though obesity is a prevalent condition around the world, numerous countries do not have the same obesity rates as western culture, some of this is likely to result in the way food is perceived by other cultures. Comparatively, in some cultures around the world, it is part of their culture to abstain from food for a short period of time. A more popularly known fasti ng is the Islamic undertaking of Ramadan where they fast during day light hours (Huda, 2009). Though in western cultures, people have a dislike to feel hungry, and can feel like they have fasted if they miss morning tea during a busy day at work. Numerous cultures throughout history have also used food as offering to their gods or deities to pray for health, or future harvests rain. Egyptian Pharaohs would be entombed with vast pots of food and spices to be used on their journey to the heavens. Some traditional practices continue even today such as the Korean Charye used to honour families ancestors, where special foods are prepared to during the Chuesoerk Ceremonies. The Chuesoerk (Korea.net, 2010) is a three day holiday to celebrate the good harvest received during the spring of that year. These cultural and religious uses for food are worldwide, and often not too distant from Christian practices of thanksgiving celebrated during the Christmas period. In conclusion, all cultures, no matter how distant or unique, have significant celebrations, events or relationships with a large role involving the use or lack of foods. The use of food to bring together communities and families is not dissimilar in almost all countries and demographics on earth; however the individuals use or overuse is not always healthy. References: 1. The Chemical Generation 2001, Viewed 14 January 2014 2. The Chemical Generation 2001, Viewed 14 January 2014 3. Dr Rosalie McCauley, Department of Agriculture and Food, WA, viewed 10 January 2014 4. ABS (2012) Australian health survey: First results, 2011–12. ABS cat. no. 4364.0.55.001. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics. Viewed 14 January 2014 5. Aust Government, National Health and Medical Research Council. Viewed 10 January 2014 6. Hungerford, Dr Carole, 2008, Good health in the 21st century, Revised Edition, Scribe, Victoria. 7. Fortuna, J. Department of Health Science, CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, viewed 10 January 2014 8. Huda, About.com, 2009. Viewed 15 January 2014 9. Korea.net, 2010, viewed 11 January 2014 2. What general concepts guide the present western diet? The current concepts of the western diet are based in the influence of proteins, carbohydrates, fats and vitamins and minerals (Whitney and Rolfes, 2013). Although we have come a long way with the introduction of multiculturalism some decades ago, for many western diet is still based around the proteins consisting of meats, predominantly red meat and chicken, carbohydrates with starchy root vegetables. This is often referred to as the ‘meat and three veg’ diet and the previous generations would have grown up with this as their diet staples as they where the majority of foods available for purchase or even grown themselves. With exception to the last 200 years, mankind has been involved in the seasonal use of foods and their diets where restricted by what was available at those times. Today there are vast changes in the way foods are produced to permit year round availability and the creation of food products that have previously been unavailable. Researchers at Bates Collage (Lewiston, ME, USA, 2013) believe that in the last 150 years since the invention of stones mills, the refining process of grain to create white flour, is now a consistent staple within the western diet. It was noted that this is a considerable source of carbohydrates and the cultures that had not encountered this food type previously began to show Heart Disease, Type 2 diabetes and stroke. These are all ailments that had been previously unseen in those areas. Additionally, the belief of receiving good value for money has become one of the most influential concepts and reasoning behind the purchase of processed food in recent times. The perception to receive the best meal, to be filling, quickly and well priced has seen the fast food chain market turn into a billion dollar industry (B.A. Swinburne, 2004). Anna Hodgekiss (U.S. daily Mail editor) explains that the over indulgence of these highly fatty foods have been  linked to short life spans and arrays of health problems. Even with the warnings and proven heath problems that arise, some families can become dependent on foods that are considered â€Å"value for money†. In conclusion, the general concepts to achieve the main food groups are relevant and understood but poorly enacted. The ease and availability of cheap fast food and highly refined products, that arrive ready to eat, are becoming preferential over the more time consuming cooking of foods from the local supermarket. References: 1. Whitney, E and Rolfes, S. Understanding Nutrition 13th Edition, 2013, Wadsworth USA 2. BATES Collage 2014, 2 Andrews Road Lewiston, ME 04240. Viewed 14 January 2014 3. Online book extract B.A. Swinburne, Public Health Nutrition, Chap 7, pp132 (p10). Viewed 14 January 2014 4. Hodgekiss, Anna, U.S. Daily Mail, viewed 14 January 2014 3. Discuss the comparative issues between man and nature? Nature is the world surrounding us, and it is the term we use to describe anything that happens which is out of our control. Such as natural disasters like cyclones, floods and drought. So considering this nature can not only be seen as a friend, but also as an enemy. Man desires to control nature by synthetic, mechanic and industrial plans. Synthetic and Natural medicines desire the same outcomes, of long life and good heath, but the methods to achieve it could not be any more different. Whether it is derived by numerous chemical processes or used in the original form it is found, nature made and manmade are vastly different especially when it comes to health and healing. Some cultures rely almost completely on nature to provide their basic needs such as water, food, shelter and even medicine. Though considered bland and not in line with the â€Å"perfect diet† (Health Schools Australia notes), the health benefits and improved health conditions are  achieved without the use of synthetic medicine, where as Western Diet, requires supplement by manmade medicines. This reliance on the local flora and fauna to provide all essentials and life improving aspects is not a new belief and is understood worldwide, but has been partially replaced by Western perception of that health can only be achieved by Pharmaceutical (Crigger NJ). The perception that health and food are separate and not interrelated because ‘man’ has created medicines that are better than those extracted from the ‘nature’ like Tibetans and non western cultures. In contrast, Western society has adopted that the scientific basis behind the synthetic production of therapeutic medicines is the only medical way to treat disease and illness. Today, it appears the practice of non synthetic medicinal applications is mostly centric to non western cultures. The â€Å"Perfect Diet’’ is deemed as a one shoe fits all remedy for the correct eating and dietary requirements for modern people. Where if we look at the diets of other cultures, such as the Hunza diet or Mediterranean Diet, where the majority of the population has a life expectancy significantly higher than that of the Western counterparts may have something to do with the foods that differ to that of the â€Å"Perfect Western Diet†(Diet Choices, 2014 and Trichopoula, A). One key reason is believed to be the Hunza population in the Himalayas consume more than 200% (Dainca Collins, 2011) of the B17 (also known as Amygdalan) than their western counter parts. This is likely due to the Hunza eating the seeds of all fruits, which is something that is often discarded within western society. Christina Larner (Body and Soul) has identified that Apricot se eds contain the largest concentrations of B17, and has been used a cancer treatment in modern times. However the same seeds are alleged to have caused Cyanidic acid when consumed to excessive quantities, but cases of cyanide toxicity are rare (Christina Larner). In conclusion, man created medicines for health and longevity are proven to be available in the natural world around us. Public perception provides the strongest reasons why man made pharmaceuticals are the main stream choice for western society, where as the isolated communities use the world around them to treat their ailments. 1.Whitney, E and Rolfes, S. Understanding Nutrition 13th Edition, 2013, Wadsworth USA 2.Crigger, N.J. 2009, PUBMED, US National Library of Medicine, viewed 14 January 2014 3.Diet Choices, 2014, Diet Choices, Las Vegas NV, USA, viewed 15 January 2014 http://dietchoices.com/diet-plans/hunza-diet/ 4.Trichopoula, A. 2000, PUBMED, US National Library of Medicine, viewed 14 January 2014 5.Dainca Collins, 2011, UNDERGROUND HEALTH REPORTER, viewed 15 January 2014 6.Larner, Christina, Body and Soul, viewed 15 January 2014 4) Diversity of foods has been a benefit to the human race? Australia’s culinary heritage has expanded greatly over the last 100 years with numerous population demographics immigrating to Australia. We have observed cultural and culinary delights flood our markets, restaurants and kitchens with sights, smells and aromas from around the world. Many years ago these would have been deemed exotic and bizarre, but are now considered almost staple additions to the average household pantry. Fifty years ago, within our Grandmothers pantry, our available food selections were significantly limited in spices and rare/exotic foods that are now considered normal place. Meat and three veg meals of starchy root vegetables and heavy protein meats where the staple of the diet during those times. It is argued (Potatoes SA) that these staples popularity on Australian kitchen tables where due to the European based settlers focusing on farming practices for this produce over the last 100 years. Pliner and Hoden (cit. Evaluation of food choice behaviours, p 20) stated it was more to do with the neophobic attitude towards foreign foods due to the â€Å"unfamiliarity of foods† that limited the adventurous mindset to the evolving culinary scene. In either case, only since World War 2 did the appearance of multicultural foods and diets start to intermix. One of the most popular entries into our diets is the highly regarded Mediterranean diet consisting of uncooked fresh whole vegetables, whole grains and some fish and seafood but minimal meat. That compared to the past diets of root based vegetables that where often boiled or baked, and argued to lose most of its natural vitamins and minerals during the cooking process, especially seen with water soluble vitamins (Better Health Channel). The high use of tomatoes within the Mediterranean diet, which contain large amounts of the antioxidant lycopene and that is believed to have anti-tumour properties to relieve cancers  particularly in the prostate and multiple-myeloma (Tonia Reinhard, p44-45). Additionally, the vibrant coloured vegetables that contain high amounts of VIT A and C such as Capsicums, Spinach, green leafy vegetables. VIT A is required for vision, the immune system and as an antioxidant. Dr Carole Hungerford (Good health in 21st century, p160) identifies that night blindness is a symptom of VIT A deficiency. Even the fats used are considered healthier with the Olives and olive oil as the principle source of fat. Tonia Reinhard states that Olive oil contains the richest source of mono unsaturated fatty acids, being 77% mono-unsaturated and 14% saturated, this is attributed as to why it helps to prevent cardiovascular disease. In conclusion, the diversity of foods that have spread across the world is bring ing the many health benefits to many. As the world continues to expand and new ideas and foods are embraced, soon the healing and healthy properties of those unique diets will improve the health and well being across the globe. 1.Potatoes South Australia, 2013, Elder House, Adelaide, SA, viewed 15 January 2014 2.Online Thesis – Roininen, Katariina, 2001, Evaluation of food choice behaviour: Development and Validation of health and taste attitude scales, visited 15 January 2014 3.Better Health Channel, July 2013, Victorian Government, viewed 15 January 2014 4.Hungerford, Dr Carole, 2008, Good health in the 21st century, Revised Edition, Scribe, Victoria. 5.Reinhard, Tonia, (2010), SUPERFOODS The Healthiest Foods on the Planet, Cove Press, NSW 5) The future of nutrition In the past and even in some places still today, nutrition has not play a conscious role in conventional medicine, as the focus has and always seems to be about treating disease not the cause. Nutrition based medicine has been labelled with a stigma as ‘alternative’ or new age and not given the same attention as the newest drug on the market. Recently have we begun to see some changes within the health care system which offers clients a  natural alternative to pharmaceuticals. This has began a movement known as Integrative Medicine (OSHER, 2012), where the approach is about taking the best from conventional and alternative medicine and combining them. This combination of practices is reinforcing the tenants of prevention rather than cure, which follows the old adage that â€Å"an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure†. We are already seeing this revolutionary ideal take off with the emergence of integrative clinics now established in some major citi es, and where patients even seek further information from their GP on what additional alternative treatments are available for their ailments (Mike Adams, 2005). This wider social consciousness towards natural alternatives is perhaps due to the increased marketing of nutritional supplements within media (Mike Adams, 2005). These messages are making people more curious about their health and what they can do to improve it. In addition, we are seeing nutritional products such as ‘Inner Health Plus’ a pro-biotic supplement, is sometimes prescribed to patients following a course of antibiotics. This behaviour by GP’s is demonstrating a small but important step to the medical and health organisations towards the evolution of nutritional medicine. The popularity of supplements and their advertised health benefits has propelled the sale of many nutritional products, especially Omega 3 supplements derived from fish oil or krill oil (Lisa Schofield, 2013). Omega 3 that is naturally occurring within deep ocean fish species has been proven to be beneficial for arthritis suffers, for heart health, and general wellbeing (Whitney, 2013, pg 161.). Dr Hungerford (Hungerford, 2008) tells us that until recent times, animals who do not manufacture their own omega 3 would have had to eat plants which contain omega 3’s for protection against the cold and other health benefits. However, as we domesticated animals, kept them warm in barns, and fed them the food we grew; the animals did not require as much omega 3 in order to survive. This man made change is a potential reason is why fish still remains one of the best sources of omega 3, as the majority of fish that we consume are wild. (Hungerford, 2008 pg. 6-7). In summary, the stigma of nutritional based medicine is slowly being lifted as media, mainstream medicine and health care practitioners inculcate these practices into their professions. Today, more than ever, people have access to the information and products that can be utilised to improve their health, wellbeing and  diets. As the message becomes clearer and better understood, it is likely that the stigma will be removed completely and nutritionists will be given the same renowned as the doctors and medical professionals that share the same vision for long and healthy life for all. 1.Osher Centre for Integrative Medicine, University of California, 2012, CA, USA, viewed 17 Jan 2014 2.Adams, Mike, 24 July 2005, Natural News, viewed 17 Jan 2014 3.Hungerford, Dr Carole, 2008, Good health in the 21st century, Revised Edition, Scribe, Victoria 4.Schofield, Lisa, 09 Sep 2013, Nutraceuticals World, viewed 17 January 2014 5.Whitney, E and Rolfes, S. Understanding Nutrition 13th Edition, 2013, Wadsworth USA Bibliography ABS (2012) Australian health survey: First results, 2011–12. ABS cat. no. 4364.0.55.001. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics. Viewed 14 January 2014 Adams, Mike, 24 July 2005, Natural News, viewed 17 Jan 2014 Aust Government, National Health and Medical Research Council. Viewed 10 January 2014 B.A. Swinburne, Public Health Nutrition, Chap 7, pp132 (p10). Viewed 14 January 2014 BATES Collage 2014, 2 Andrews Road Lewiston, ME 04240. Viewed 14 January 2014 Better Health Channel, July 2013, Victorian Government, viewed 15 January 2014 Collins, Dainca, 2011, UNDERGROUND HEALTH REPORTER, viewed 15 January 2014 Crigger, N.J. 2009, PUBMED, US National Library of Medicine, viewed 14 January 2014 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19671650 Diet Choices, 2014, Diet Choices, Las Vegas NV, USA, viewed 15 January 2014 http://dietchoices.com/diet-plans/hunza-diet/ Dr Rosalie McCauley, Department of Agriculture and Food, WA, viewed 10 January 2014 Fortuna, J. Department of Health Science, CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, viewed 10 January 2014 Hodgekiss, Anna, U.S. Daily Mail, viewed 14 January 2014 Huda, About.com, 2009. Viewed 15 January 2014 Hungerford, Dr Carole, 2008, Good health in the 21st century, Revised Edition, Scribe, Victoria Korea.net, 2010, viewed 11 January 2014 http://www.korea.net/Government/Current-Affairs/Others?affairId=168 Larner, Christina, Body and Soul, viewed 15 January 2014 Osher Centre for Integrative Medicine, University of California, 2012, CA, USA, viewed 17 Jan 2014 Potatoes South Australia, 2013, Elder House, Adelaide, SA, viewed 15 January 2014 Reinhard, Tonia, (2010), SUPERFOODS The Healthiest Foods on the Planet, Cove Press, NSW Roininen, Katariina, 2001, Evaluation of food choice behaviour: Development and Validation of health and taste attitude scales, visited 15 January 2014 Schofield, Lisa, 09 Sep 2013, Nutraceuticals World, viewed 17 January 2014 The Chemical Generation 2001, Viewed 14 January 2014 The Chemical Generation 2001, Viewed 14 January 2014 Trichopoula, A. 2000, PUBMED, US National Library of Medicine, viewed 14 January 2014 Whitney, E and Rolfes, S. Understanding Nutrition 13th Edition, 2013, Wadsworth USA

American Health Care: Gore And Bradley One Problem Two Solutions :: essays research papers

The nation's economy has produced 9.5 million jobs in the last four years and raised wages for even the lowest-paid workers. As Americans buy more homes, cars and other consumer goods, the number buying health insurance has not budged. Now, the 44 million Americans without insurance are taking a prominent place in the national spotlight, thanks to the Democratic presidential primary. And in Vice President Al Gore and former senator Bill Bradley, the nation has a chance to sort out how far it is willing to go, if at all, toward promising health care for everyone. In proposals issued recently, both Democratic candidates have promised to cover all 11 million children who have no insurance, with taxpayers paying the entire cost for the poor. Gore and Bradley would also give substantial help to the parents of the nation's poorest children. But they split over one growing class of people: the millions of adults who are not quite poor, but who find insurance so expensive that they do not buy it.Almost 17 percent of full-time workers have no insurance, often because employers do not offer it or have shifted costs to employees. Many of the new jobs created in the current boom are at small businesses, which are less likely to offer coverage. Bradley has proposed an expansive plan that helps people further up the economic ladder and which carries an expansive price tag to match. Gore, by contrast, would spend money on the poorest and near-poor while offering only limited help to others.The question has barely been raised among the Republican presidential contenders. But it has sparked the sharpest debate yet in the Democratic campaign, and polls show that voters are likely to make it a general election issue. With surveys suggesting that no candidate can win the Democratic nomination without a strong health plan, Bradley boasts that he is proposing a big idea to attack a big problem. He has derided Gore's plan as ''definitely timid.'' The tactic has helped raise Bradley's profile among Democrats Gore, by contrast, talks freely of his plan's limitations, and his staff uses the word ''incremental'' to describe it. They say Bradley's plan is too expensive and would divert dollars from other purposes, such as shoring up Medicare.The true cost of the two plans is open to debate. Bradley says he would spend up to $650 billion over 10 years to insure as many as 39 million more people.

Starbucks Marketing mix

Below is a table for you to apply the elements of marketing mix (7Ps) to your selected business organisation. Starbucks Product and service -Starbucks stores offer a choice of regular or decaffeinated coffee beverages, a special â€Å"coffee of the day,† and a broad selection of Italian-style espresso drinks. In addition, customers could choose from a wide selection of fresh-roasted whole-bean coffees.When you walk into the Starbucks, you notice they are promoting specialty rinks or products within the store. For example they promote their new coffee by giving free samples to their customers and that maximise the publicity of the product and generate revenue for the business. Packaging Creative and innovative packaging is what Starbucks does so that they can be seen and get noticed in the crowded market of coffee. For Example they redesign the packaging of their coffee to recreate the shopping experience and quickly identify the coffee by roast.The new packaging of their coffe e gets the attention of new ustomers because customers can choose what kind of coffee you want Just by looking at the package (different colour, message). Price -Price and pricing is one of the most important elements of the marketing mix, as it is the only mix, which generates a turnover for the organisation/business. In July 2013 Starbucks decided to raise the price of their beverage by 1%, they claim that the price increase is due to rising labour and non-coffee commodity costs.Starbucks raise prices to maximize profits from these price insensitive customers who now depend n their strong gourmet coffee. Rather than trying to compete with cheaper chains like Dunkin, Starbucks uses price hikes to separate itself from the pack and reinforce the premium image of their brand and products. Place -Starbucks takes a thoughtful and strategic approach when choosing their store locations, carefully considering many factors including community demand. We are always looking for great location s to both better meet the needs of our current customers and to reach new ones.They did research on different areas before utting a store there, based on things like demand, traffic and parking, they may conclude multiple stores will serve customers better. People The baristas (employees) are the foundation of Starbucks. â€Å"When it comes to providing Starbucks customers an exceptional experience, our baristas are as important as the quality of the coffee that we serve†. http://www. starbucks. com/ Baristas really are the face of Starbucks. They are an important part of their customers' day, and experts in handcrafting delicious, perfect beverages.Connecting nd creating the moments that make a difference in each person's day. Processes Starbucks uses coffee from different origin. I will choose one of them and describe the process from the supplier to the customer. Decided to take a look at the Ethiopian coffee, as his name says it came from Ethiopia, it is a medium-bodied c offee who offers soft, velvety notes of dark chocolate, subtle hints of peppery spice, and sweet, mandarin-like citrus for a balanced and approachable taste in the cup.From Ethiopia to the Starbucks manufacturer where the coffee is roasted packages and directly end to their stores where the coffee is available for customers. Physical evidence Starbucks provides information on its products, business partnerships, and career opportunities on its website. The famous Starbucks Logo (which is green and features a partially nude siren) has stayed largely unchanged since its origin, However it has been altered to adjust to international sensibilities. Starbucks uses white cups with their green logo on it, it comes with different sizes.It was specially design to resist heat, mainly because they serve hot beverage. It also comes with a lids. Branding The Starbucks brand has amazingly been able to create a reputation for itself as a very hip and mainstream coffee hub. People of all ages, incl uding adults and young teens, are flocking to this coffee franchise to enjoy all the different caffeinated and specialized drinks it has to offer. Over the years, the Starbucks brand has cleverly re- branded its products and coffee cups in order to cater for a more modern generation and the company has benefit from it as a result.

Male And Female Norms During 19th Century Mexico City

Male and Female Norms During 19th Century Mexico City The Magic Lantern, published in 1886 and written by Josà © Tomà ¡s de Cuà ©llar, (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000) is a novella about nineteenth century Mexico. The author wrote this novel to express his thoughts and ideas regarding the manner in which men and women interacted with each other during this time. Cuà ©llar believed that the Mexican culture set impossible standards, and he conveys this ideology within the short story, Having a Ball. He concluded that men should seek women with more substance, rather than just relying on their looks to achieve status. The novella describes Cuà ©llar’s views on the French customs in Mexico City during the 1900’s. According to Cuà ©llar, men valued women solely based on their appearance. The only quality that seemed to affect men, in regards to women, was the way that they dressed, their natural beauty, and they way that the women carried themselves. For exam ple, Don Gabriel, a very wealthy character, invited to the ball had a mistress that numerous other men fancied and desired to be acquainted with. Her presence was significant at the ball as well, for two reasons: she dressed well and had two daughters. The men that were also invited to the ball wanted as many attractive women to attend as possible, so having multiple daughters was certainly an attractive quality. Her husband however was not invited, as this would create a conflict with Don Gabriel. 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Religious†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.20 7. Linguistic†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦20 8. Educational†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦23 9. Aesthetic†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.24 B. Organizational Culture†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1. Work Values, Traditions, Norms and Expectations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦31 2. Verbal and Nonverbal Communication Patterns†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦37 IV.USEFUL INFORMATIONS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..41 V.SOURCES †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..42 PREFACE In this term paper, which is about Brazil? WeRead MoreCeramics: Pottery and Clay17443 Words   |  70 Pagesceramics were the result of various mixtures and base - combinations, including clay. The resultant non-metallic and inorganic solid base is now a common sight in art ware and the domestic and industrial segments of human development. The twentieth century witnessed the design of amalgamated, new ceramic materials that are still used extensively in the manufacture of semiconductors. 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Terrorism Intelligence and National Security - 2760 Words

Counter Terrorism and Intelligence Framework HSM 433 Counter Terrorism Intelligence Analysis January 14, 2012 Counter Terrorism and Intelligence Framework Terrorism is the warfare of the future. The battlefield has changed and it will take professional intelligence agencies to gather information about these unorthodox combatants. To help fight the war on terror, intelligence corporations must be present. However, some of the agencies can be combined with others to make a â€Å"super agency†. Three agencies that currently play a major role in the battle on terrorism will be the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA). Discussion will be given on which†¦show more content†¦(Richelson, 2011) Further, the CIA cannot collect foreign intelligence on U.S. citizens. Only special circumstances can CIA assets be used to gather information domestically and it takes the approval from senior leadership. Another CIA downfall is that the agency does not have arrest authority and must rely on local law enforcement or other federal agencies to fulfill any arrest requirement. The third organization that will be part of the â€Å"super agency† is the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA). The primary function of the DIA is to provide military intelligence information to the Department of Defense and its leaders (About DIA, 2012). The DIA was created due to the fact that all the military branches had their own intelligence divisions. In the late 1950’s a study group was created to study all the military intelligence agencies. The group concluded that each of the military intelligence branches duplicated the same work costing the tax payers millions of dollars. The rec ommendation from the group was to have one centralized military intelligence division thus the creation of the DIA was formed (Richelson, 2011). Now that a little background has been laid about the agencies that will be utilized in the creation of the United States super intelligence agencies the framework can now be laid. First and foremost the agencies would keep their actuallyShow MoreRelatedIntelligence Reform And Terrorism Case Study1085 Words   |  5 PagesThe Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 is a 235-page Act of Congress, signed by the president affecting the United States laws of federal terrorism. The titles and subject issues were composed to better enforce the procedures for any future terrorist’s attacks. The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act established the Director of National Intelligence, the National Counterterrorism Center, and the Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board. 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Capital Punishment And Its Effect On Society Today

1.0 Introduction My report is about capital punishment and how it has an effect on our society today and why I am for capital punishment. 1.1 What is capital punishment? Capital punishment or the death penalty is a legal process where a criminal has committed a serious crime like rape or murder and is then decided if he or she should be put to death. Capital punishment has in the past, been practised by most societies, as a punishment for criminals, and political or religious dissidents. Historically, the carrying out of the death sentence was often accompanied by torture, and executions were most often public. 2.0 Where does capital punishment happen? Capital punishment has been used in almost every part of the world, but in the last decades many have stopped using it. 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Brief Describe- History and SWOT Analysis Of The Dove Shampoo Brand

Question: Write an essay on Dove Shampoo. Answer: Dove Shampoo is one of the major products of Unilever that facilitates the organization to obtain profitable outcome from the business. Unilever is an Anglo-Dutch multinational organization. Dove Shampoo is a premium beauty product that takes care of hair. In the recent days, the particular product has been increasing its popularity due to its premium quality. However, the brand has huge competitors in the global market. In this context, the researcher has provided the marketing communication process along with its distribution process. Moreover, the researcher has provided the competitors analysis based on the current market statistics. Owner and History of the brand: Dove is a personal care brand that is owned by Unilever. The origin of the brand is in the United Kingdom. Lever brothers first launched Dove in 1957. The popularity of the brand increased in the mid of 1970s. In 2002, the organization started campaigning for real beauty. In the mid of 1990s, the organization made footstep in 55 countries and by 1996, it expanded its business more than 80 countries. The parent company of Dove is Unilever. Unilever is an Anglo-Dutch multinational brand and the co-head quarter of the brand is in London, United Kingdom, and Rotterdam, Netherlands. Dove includes a wide range of products including food, beverages, cleaning agents, and personal care products. However, the personal care products are increasingly popular in the market. Dove is the third-largest consumer goods company measured in 2012. The organization was founded in 1930 by the merger. In 2015, the organization has collected the revenue of 53,300,000,000. A total number of employees are 172, 000. In 2004, Dove began its campaign for real beauty. Among beauty products, Dove shampoo has become increasingly popular in the market due to its premium quality. The organization has been trying to promote the particular product on the global platform. Offered product service: Doves products line includes deodorants, body washes, beauty bars, lotions, hair care and facial care products. Dove is primarily made of surfactants, vegetable oils, salts and animal fats, etc. the organization has launched mens toiletries ranged in 2010[3]. The organization has been leading in the market due to its hair care and facial care products. Unilever, the parent company of Dove, offers a wide range of products including foods, beverages, cleaning agents and personal care products. The organization has more than 400 brands that are categorized into four sections including foods, refreshments, home care and personal care. Unilever is selling brands such as Dove; Ben Jerrys; Axe/Lynx; Heartbrand; Lipton; Lux/ Radox; Sunsilk. On the other hand, Unilever is one of the biggest ice cream manufacturers in the world. Moreover, the organization has a wide range of the food and beverages such as Aromat, Becel, Pot Noodles, and Chicken tonight, etc. the beauty care products of Unilever is increasing popularity, as the organization has been enhancing the particular products promotion in the global platform. The organization has been selling its products in more than 80 countries and the brand offers products for both men and women. Marketing Communication: Brand Elements: Doves logo is a silhouette profile of the brands namesake bird. The slogan of the Dove shampoo is No Girl Should Need a Guy to Get that Fresh all over Tingly Feeling. Dove is a premium care brands that facilitates to enhance the beauty of both men and women. With the involvement of this slogan, the organization attracts women for enhancing the brand value in the market. The packaging of the products is also an attractive part of the products. The stylish packaging of the products attracts customers obtain the particular product. Hence, it can be assessed that the brand elements of the products influence women to realize their potential personal beauty. Moreover, the organization has been trying to include more features to its brand elements in order to enhance its productivity in an effective manner. Websites: Social Media: Social media platform is one of the major platforms for product promotion. In recent days, the organization has been enhancing the social media engagement in order to enhance the productivity of the business. Dove shampoo is one of the favorite choices for the hair care to women. Hence, the organization involves several social media platforms including Facebook, twitter, and other online promotional activities for flashing their product messages to the global platform. On the other hand, the company has its website that contains all information regarding Dove products. Women often accumulate information on the Dove shampoo from the online platform and it facilities to increase the product knowledge in an effective manner. On the other hand, the social media facilities the company to communicate with customer across the globe and it contributes in accumulating feedback regarding products. Advertising: The advertisement of Dove shampoo is conducted through various processes including social media, printing media, digital media, word of mouth, etc. among these mediums; the social media is one of the major platforms that facilitate the organization to enhance its sales in the global market. Although the social media advertising is a popular medium for promotion, Unilever has been focusing on the other promotional medium including printing medium and digital medium. Through the engagement of involving TV advertisement, Newspaper promotion, poster, and another medium, the organization expands the promotion in the large demographic market. On the other hand, the organization has engaged some of the celebrities for making the promotional face of the brand. Word of mouth is another traditional form of advertising that facilitates the company to enhance the products knowledge among societal people. Hence, it can be assessed that the enhanced advertisement process has been engaging a huge n umber of women to experience Companys wide range of products. Distribution: The distribution of Dove shampoo consists of a network channel that facilitates the organization to distribute products among societal people. Nowadays, the dove has been marketing in more than 80 countries. Hence, it can be assessed that the distribution channel of the company follows a systematic process. Dove employs the pull strategy to persuade its customers in the market. The target market of dove includes upper and middle-class customers in the society. The distribution process of Dive begins with the manufacturer and then it moves down to the retail stores, modern trade and CSD through CF (Cost and Freight) and stockiest. The activation managers (AM), Assistant Sales Managers (ASM), and Territory Sales in charge (TSI) coordinate the sales process. Re-stockiest Salesman (RSSM) coordinates the operations of the retailers and stockiest. The distribution channel falls under vertical marketing systems. In the recent days, the organization has been focusing on enhancing the selling of the products through improving relations with the retailers including department stores, supermarkets, convenience stores, kiosks, chemists and super stone. Dove offers different levels of services for the customers in the society. Marketing decisions of Dove include target marketing, channels, product assortment, communications, and locations. Hence, it can be assessed that the product distribution channels of the company facilitate in allocating products in a systematic method. The easy availability of the products facilitates the organization to engage a huge number of customers in an effective manner. Consequently, it contributes to enhancing the core sales of the company. Competitors: By analyzing the market of Dove Shampoo, it can be assessed that the company has been facing huge challenges from competitors. The competitors of Dove can be categorized into two sections including the internal and external competitors. In the Australian market, Dove has huge challenges for conducting the business in an effective manner. The external competitor of Dove shampoo is Pantene. Moreover, other shampoo brands including Garnier, Palmolive, and Head Shoulders have left behind Dove in the market. Hence, the organization has been trying to uphold the business profit in the marketplace. On the other hand, the internal competitors of Dove include LUX, TRESemme. However, Doves prime competitors are the external brands that lead the market. In the global market, the brand has been focusing on the several promotional strategies in order to enhance the brand The market share of Dove shampoo can be categorized in the similar products segmentation such as Pantene, Head shoulders. Market share indicates that Pantene shampoo includes the largest share of the marketplace. On the other hand, the market share of Dove is 18%. Hence, it can be assessed that the Dove Shampoo is the second highest selling Shampoo brand in the global market. The market share of each brand is very close to others. It indicates the tough market challenges in the global platform. By analyzing the sales volume, it can be assessed that the Dove shampoo is leading the market due to its premium quality. Although the others hair care products including Pantene, Head Shoulders and clear have been enhancing their sales volume, Dove has been focusing on expanding their sales through engaging the huge number of customers across the global platform. Company Sales Demand Dove Women Shampoo 83% 28% Pantene 89% 30% Head Shoulder 74% 22% Clear 60% 20% SWOT analysis: Strength The premium quality of the product facilitates consumers to maintain the hair care in an effective manner The fragrance of the product attracts a huge number of customers for using product Dove contains the 1/4 moisturizing cream which facilitates women to nourish hair properly The flagship of product of HUL with strong brand awareness through branding and advertising It promises to nourish the damage hairs Opportunity Although the brand has been targeting the female audience, the brand could have launched a wide range of products for men. It would facilitate the organization to enhance the business opportunities in the global platform The strong brand assets could contribute to continuous innovation in the product department. New product innovation would facilitate the organization to enhance the customers base in an effective manner. The organization can expand its market in the demographic large area. Hence, the market expansion would facilitate the organization to experience the profitable outcome in the business. Weakness The target marketing for the product is upper class and middle-class consumers in the society. Hence, the pricing model of the company is quite high. Low piecing model would facilitate them in engaging more customers in the business. Dove Shampoo targets only Women. Consequently, the popularity of the product among men is low. The brand innovation of Dove is quite low than other competitors in the market. Threat There are a huge number of competitor brands providing hair care solutions to women, and it indicates threat for the organizations. Dove shampoo for women is popular only in urban society. The product targets only higher and middle-class consumer in the market. The other shampoo brand including Pantene, Head Shoulder, Garnier are the threats of Dove. Conclusion and Recommendations: It can be concluded that Dove shampoo has been increasing the popularity in the global market, and it expands the brand to the large demographic area. Although the sales volume of the product is a bit higher than another shampoo brand, Dove has some strong competitors in the market that create challenges for conducting the business in an effective manner. The researcher has provided the following recommendations for enhancing the brand value in the global platform. Dove needs to focus on the brand innovation in order to enhance the sales volume in the business Dove could have focused on men hair care products so that the brand could be able to engage huge customers base in the business Dove should focus on the innovative promotional activities in order to attract women in the society Although the pricing of Dove shampoo is acceptable to the middle and higher class community, the brand needs to review their pricing system in order to engage the lower-middle class consumer. References "Beauty Care Products | Deodorant, Skin Hair Care | Dove". Mydove.Com.Au. Last modified 2016. Accessed May 26, 2016. https://www.mydove.com.au/. Carnevale, Marina, Ozge Yucel-Aybat, and Lauren Block. "The Added Value Of Contextual Motivations On ConsumerBrand Relationships Of Self-Gifts".J Brand Manag21, no. 5 (2014): 396-407. Chevalier, Michel and Michel Gutsatz.Luxury Retail Management. Singapore: John Wiley Sons Singapore Pte., 2012. 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