Jamaican Politics, Reggae and Rastafarianism in the 1970’s :: Essays on Politics

Jamaican Politics, Reggae and Rastafarianism in the 1970sIn the last election Prime Minister X went to Ethiopia and met with the King of Kings and had a conversation with him. He came back to Jamaica and showed the people a Rod, which he said was given to him by the King, Haile Selassie the First, to bring freedom to the Black throng of Jamaica. He carried that Rod all around during the campaign. The Rastafarians heard this the Dreadlocks heard this and this rod caused him to win a landslide victory for the Party. Well, I and I welcome that, because the motive government did nothing for the cause of Africa, Rastas, or no one. As you know, we Rastas do not vote, because you cannot take out a rat and put in a cat, but the Prime Minister came to power talking like a Rastafarian. He started some progressive moves on behalf of the African peoples of this country. But after a while he forgot the Rod he forgot to talk about Africa he forgot to talk about the Rastafarians. What we now know , is that if the Prime Minister even wanted to do something good for the African peoples of this country, his lieutenants will not allow him to do it. After he came back from Ethiopia he called himself Joshua, the one who was to take us to the Promised Land, but the only(prenominal) freedom we have seen up to now is the word Socialism.To be honest, he had done better than the other party, for the other Party was so anti-Black that not even Elijah Muhammad could enter Jamaica as a Black man. Today, it is a little better there is freedom of speech for I and I. As you see, we even got the Marcus Garvey parking area to use. Here and there we have seen a little change on the part of the government but not enough to bring the Black batch out of the slums they are in right now.(Barrett 180)This quote, along with numerous other readings, has sparked my interest in the political scene and situation surrounding Jamaica, Rastafarianism and reggae music in the 1970s. It seems to me, despite the economic shambles of Jamaica and the staunch and deliberate refusal of Rastafarians to participate in politricks, that politics has had a deep impact on any and every formulation of life in Jamaica.

Wilhelm Wundts Psychology: Judgment Essay -- Wilhelm Wundt Psychology

Wilhelm Wundts Psychology JudgmentIt is almost impossible to write historically informed essays about any given topic in modern psychology without making reference to the work of Wilhelm Wundt. In part, this is because he produced a tremendous amount of written work (over 53,735 published pages1), and because he is astray regarded as the first experimental psychologist.2 So, its no surprise that Wundt has something to say about the psychology of judgment. Given the historical context in which his work took place, however, you superpower be surprised to learn that Wundt was keenly aware of both the problems with traditional associationist accounts of psychology and the temptations of psychologism. His system of psychology, while acknowledging the associative characteristics of some types of thought, takes pains to stress the non-additive record of higher cognitive acts and fights to preserve the independence of psychology (and the rest of the special sciences, including logic and e thics) from physiology. In this paper, Ill briefly review the basics of Wundts approach, percentage point the neo-Humean roots of his psychology, discuss how he attempts to embellish those roots with some apperceptive greenery, and summarize his position regarding psychologisms.3 While Wundts motives are to be admired (and contempt his historical significance), Ill conclude that his attempt to be true to the physiological roots of the psychology of judgment while still respecting its ultimate independence vis--vis logic was a failure.4 First, the basics. In his Principles of Physiological Psychology, Wundt lays down the outline of a psychology that will be constructed using experimental techniques analogous to those of physiology (famously, a rigorous ... ...h the individual learning ability with habits, inclinations, archetypes, and stereotypical modes of perception and cognition. But these influences from without must work on those internal principles and laws of thought that c omprise the universal characteristics of humanity (p. 161). 12 Wundt emphasizes the importance of education for condition the will in a logical manner Rather must education pay most attention to that inner volition which is occupied with request thinking. To make this strong, to make this able to resist the distracting play of associations, is its most important and also one of its most difficult tasks (Introduction, p. 147).13 Introduction, pp. 148-149.14 Lectures, p. 314.15 Robinson, p. 167, quoting from the Lectures, p. 365.16 Robinson, p. 172.17 Wellek (1967), encyclopedia entry on Wundt, Wilhelm, p. 350.

The Women Of Jane Austen :: Jane Austen Females Essays

The Women of Jane AustenJane Austen has attracted a great deal of critical attention in recent years. Many have mouth out about the strengths and weaknesses of her characters, particularly her heroines. Austen has been cast as both a friend and foe to the rights of women. According to Morrison, most feminist studies have represented Austen as a conscious or unconscious subversive voicing a womans frustration at the rigid and sexist social order which enforces subservience and dependence (337). Others feel that her conglutination plots are representative of her allegiance to the social quid pro quo of her time Marriage, almost inevitably the narrative event that constitutes a happy ending, represents in their linear perspective a submission to a masculine narrative imperative that has traditionally allotted women love and men the world (Newman 693). In reality, Austen cannot accurately be evaluated as an root (or feminist subversive) without first examining the eighteenth century English society in which she lived and placed her heroines. Watt says that Austens characters cannot be seen clearly until we make allowances for the social order in which they were rooted (41). Austen lived in a society where women were expected to be accomplished, as Darcy states in Pride and Prejudice, but not well educated (Notes). Women of the late eighteenth-century could not attend educational institutions like Oxford or Cambridge. It was not considered necessary for a woman to have knowledge of either Greek or Latin. If a woman received training, it was unremarkably religious or domestically practical. The expected accomplishments of a woman at the time included the ability to draw, singing, speaking modern languages (such as Italian or French), and playing a musical instrument, usually the piano. These accomplishments were required to attract the right (rich) kind of husband. A womans financial status was very important, and yet there was piddling she could do to improve it. Women of some social standing could not just go out and get a job. The only opportunities for support outside ones family was engagement as a governess, or live-in teacher. Money for a woman usually only came through marriage or the death of her father, and then only if she had no brothers or other male relatives.Marriage, then, was looked upon by both men and women as a necessity for security, regardless of a lack of attraction or love. long-range financial stability had to be procured at an early age.

The Opposing Goals of Comfort and Power in Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

The Opposing Goals of Comfort and Power in Macbeth People endure a hard time getting what they want in f passage, the things they want can be incompatible with each other and either attempt to area one of these goals hurt the other. In William Shakespeares Macbeth (1606), the protagonist is come-ond to murder the king, Duncan, by the desire for power, an appetite whetted by witchs prophecies and his wifes encouragement. only when when he reaches the kingship, he finds himself insecure. He attempts to remove threats that decrease his warranter, including his companion Banquo and his son Fleance, prophesied to be king. His lords grow angry and revolt successfully, after witches lure Macbeth into a infatuated sense of protective covering by further foretelling. In Macbeth, we see that, despite appearances of paradox, mans goals of whiff and power are always opposed in increment, though the two may decline together. The power from knowledge causes discomfort. As often has b een said, ignorance is bliss. After Macbeth is promised the throne, Banquo asks wherefore Macbeth is less than ecstatic. Good sir, why do you start, and bet to fear / Things that do sound so fair? (Act I, video 3, p. 332) Macbeths new knowledge makes him uncomfortable, as he realizes the implications. His first thoughts considering murdering Duncan appear, and he is scared. After he commits the murder, Macbeth says, To know my deed, twere best not know myself. (Act II, Scene 2, p. 347) Knowing that has committed such a vile act makes him uncomfortable. It will be difficult to act innocent and to deal with his guilt. When he later decides to murder Banquo and Fleance, he tells his wife, Be innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck, / Till thou applaud the deed. (Act III, Scene 2, p. 359) Hecate sets Macbeth up for his lowest fall, explaining her strategy, As by the strength of their illusionShall draw him on to his confusion.He shall spurn fate, scorn death, and bearHis hopes bov e wisdom, grace, and fear.And you all know securityIs mortals chiefest enemy. (Act III, Scene 5, p. 365) The security provided by the second set of predictions is only fleeting. Feeling there is no threat to his power, Macbeth acts wildly, bringing his downfall and loss of both comfort and security. The problem with knowledge was that it was power resulting in a decline in comfort.The Opposing Goals of Comfort and Power in Shakespeares Macbeth GCSE English Literature CourseworkThe Opposing Goals of Comfort and Power in Macbeth People have a hard time getting what they want in fact, the things they want can be incompatible with each other and any attempt to reach one of these goals hurt the other. In William Shakespeares Macbeth (1606), the protagonist is lured to murder the king, Duncan, by the desire for power, an appetite whetted by witchs prophecies and his wifes encouragement. But when he reaches the kingship, he finds himself insecure. He attempts to remove threats that dec rease his security, including his companion Banquo and his son Fleance, prophesied to be king. His lords grow angry and revolt successfully, after witches lure Macbeth into a false sense of security by further foretelling. In Macbeth, we see that, despite appearances of paradox, mans goals of comfort and power are forever opposed in increment, though the two may decline together. The power from knowledge causes discomfort. As often has been said, ignorance is bliss. After Macbeth is promised the throne, Banquo asks why Macbeth is less than ecstatic. Good sir, why do you start, and seem to fear / Things that do sound so fair? (Act I, Scene 3, p. 332) Macbeths new knowledge makes him uncomfortable, as he realizes the implications. His first thoughts considering murdering Duncan appear, and he is scared. After he commits the murder, Macbeth says, To know my deed, twere best not know myself. (Act II, Scene 2, p. 347) Knowing that has committed such a vile act makes him uncomfortable. I t will be difficult to act innocent and to deal with his guilt. When he later decides to murder Banquo and Fleance, he tells his wife, Be innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck, / Till thou applaud the deed. (Act III, Scene 2, p. 359) Hecate sets Macbeth up for his final fall, explaining her strategy, As by the strength of their illusionShall draw him on to his confusion.He shall spurn fate, scorn death, and bearHis hopes bove wisdom, grace, and fear.And you all know securityIs mortals chiefest enemy. (Act III, Scene 5, p. 365) The security provided by the second set of predictions is only fleeting. Feeling there is no threat to his power, Macbeth acts wildly, bringing his downfall and loss of both comfort and security. The problem with knowledge was that it was power resulting in a decline in comfort.

What School Vouchers Are Essay -- essays papers

What rail Vouchers Are The populace has been searching for slipway to restore the educational structure that is currently established within the United States. The public give lessons system has been accused of being detrimental to the education of our societies children. The determination of this news report is to examine the effects of shoal vouchers, as a type of educational reform, on all aspects of society. It has already been proven that family background, economic status and beat of student residence all help to determine the amount of success a child has at a particular direct (Raywid, 1989, p. 7). Can it consequently be pass judgment that the filling of which particular naturalise to go to will also make a difference in the childs success? School Vouchers ar a form of educational reform that redirects the flow of funding from school districts to individual families (Coulson, 1998). These vouchers give parents the opportunity to send their child to a c landestine school with the help of state money. Vouchers help to pay all or part of the tuition for families that choose a hole-and-corner(a) school rather than the public school system. What School Vouchers Are Supposed to Help Currently, there are only two voucher programs that exist within the United States. However, the topic is of more than confer in communities around the country. Both the Milwaukee program and the Cleveland program are meant to help lower income families receive the best available education (Maranto, Milliman, Hess, & Gresham, 1999, p. 19). These school vouchers are support on the basis that education will be improved for all children given parental choice and a competition between pubic and private schools (Coulson, 1998). This reform represents a shift of educational auth... ... case for public schools of choice. Bloomington, Indiana Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation. Raywid discusses the supposition of school choice within public schools. This is a olive-sized different from school vouchers however, it raises some of the same issues. Smith, K., & Meier, K. (1995). The case against school choice. London, England M.E. Sharpe. Smith and Meier discuss many cons to the school voucher debate. They strongly oppose school choice as a means of school reform. School Choice. The American Heritage College Dictionary. 40th ed. 2002. School vouchers The wrong choice for public education. (2001). Retrieved October 8, 2003 from http//www.Anti-Defamation League, 2001.org/vouchers/print.asp The Anti-Defamation League discusses the idea that school vouchers threaten the American value of separation between church and state. What School Vouchers Are Essay -- essays papersWhat School Vouchers Are The public has been searching for ways to reform the educational structure that is currently established within the United States. The public school system has been accused of being detrimental to the education of our societies children. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of school vouchers, as a type of educational reform, on all aspects of society. It has already been proven that family background, economic status and place of residence all help to determine the amount of success a child has at a particular school (Raywid, 1989, p. 7). Can it consequently be expected that the choice of which particular school to go to will also make a difference in the childs success? School Vouchers are a form of educational reform that redirects the flow of funding from school districts to individual families (Coulson, 1998). These vouchers give parents the opportunity to send their child to a private school with the help of state money. Vouchers help to pay all or part of the tuition for families that choose a private school rather than the public school system. What School Vouchers Are Supposed to Help Currently, there are only two voucher programs that exist within the United S tates. However, the topic is of much debate in communities around the country. Both the Milwaukee program and the Cleveland program are meant to help lower income families receive the best available education (Maranto, Milliman, Hess, & Gresham, 1999, p. 19). These school vouchers are supported on the basis that education will be improved for all children given parental choice and a competition between pubic and private schools (Coulson, 1998). This reform represents a shift of educational auth... ... case for public schools of choice. Bloomington, Indiana Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation. Raywid discusses the idea of school choice within public schools. This is a little different from school vouchers however, it raises some of the same issues. Smith, K., & Meier, K. (1995). The case against school choice. London, England M.E. Sharpe. Smith and Meier discuss many cons to the school voucher debate. They strongly oppose school choice as a means of school reform. Scho ol Choice. The American Heritage College Dictionary. 40th ed. 2002. School vouchers The wrong choice for public education. (2001). Retrieved October 8, 2003 from http//www.Anti-Defamation League, 2001.org/vouchers/print.asp The Anti-Defamation League discusses the idea that school vouchers threaten the American value of separation between church and state.

What School Vouchers Are Essay -- essays papers

What coach Vouchers ar The public has been searching for ways to re kind the educational complex body part that is currently established within the United States. The public civilise system has been accused of being detrimental to the education of our societies children. The purpose of this paper is to essay the effect of school vouchers, as a type of educational illuminate, on on the whole aspects of society. It has already been proven that family background, economic status and place of residence all care to determine the amount of success a child has at a circumstance school (Raywid, 1989, p. 7). Can it consequently be expected that the woof of which particular school to go to will also make a difference in the childs success? School Vouchers are a form of educational reform that redirects the flow of funding from school districts to individual families (Coulson, 1998). These vouchers give parents the opportunity to send their child to a private school with the sponsor of press out money. Vouchers help to pay all or part of the tuition for families that choose a private school rather than the public school system. What School Vouchers Are Supposed to Help Currently, there are only two voucher programs that exist within the United States. However, the topic is of much debate in communities virtually the country. Both the Milwaukee program and the Cleveland program are meant to help lower income families receive the best available education (Maranto, Milliman, Hess, & Gresham, 1999, p. 19). These school vouchers are supported on the radix that education will be improved for all children given parental choice and a competition between pubic and private schools (Coulson, 1998). This reform represents a shift of educational auth... ... case for public schools of choice. Bloomington, Indiana Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation. Raywid discusses the idea of school choice within public schools. This is a little antithetic from scho ol vouchers however, it raises some of the same issues. Smith, K., & Meier, K. (1995). The case against school choice. London, England M.E. Sharpe. Smith and Meier discuss many cons to the school voucher debate. They strongly oppose school choice as a means of school reform. School Choice. The American Heritage College Dictionary. 40th ed. 2002. School vouchers The wrong choice for public education. (2001). Retrieved October 8, 2003 from http//www.Anti-Defamation League, 2001.org/vouchers/print.asp The Anti-Defamation League discusses the idea that school vouchers exist the American value of separation between church and state. What School Vouchers Are Essay -- essays papersWhat School Vouchers Are The public has been searching for ways to reform the educational structure that is currently established within the United States. The public school system has been accused of being detrimental to the education of our societies children. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of school vouchers, as a type of educational reform, on all aspects of society. It has already been proven that family background, economic status and place of residence all help to determine the amount of success a child has at a particular school (Raywid, 1989, p. 7). Can it consequently be expected that the choice of which particular school to go to will also make a difference in the childs success? School Vouchers are a form of educational reform that redirects the flow of funding from school districts to individual families (Coulson, 1998). These vouchers give parents the opportunity to send their child to a private school with the help of state money. Vouchers help to pay all or part of the tuition for families that choose a private school rather than the public school system. What School Vouchers Are Supposed to Help Currently, there are only two voucher programs that exist within the United States. However, the topic is of much debate in communities around the country. Both the Milwaukee program and the Cleveland program are meant to help lower income families receive the best available education (Maranto, Milliman, Hess, & Gresham, 1999, p. 19). These school vouchers are supported on the basis that education will be improved for all children given parental choice and a competition between pubic and private schools (Coulson, 1998). This reform represents a shift of educational auth... ... case for public schools of choice. Bloomington, Indiana Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation. Raywid discusses the idea of school choice within public schools. This is a little different from school vouchers however, it raises some of the same issues. Smith, K., & Meier, K. (1995). The case against school choice. London, England M.E. Sharpe. Smith and Meier discuss many cons to the school voucher debate. They strongly oppose school choice as a means of school reform. School Choice. The American Heritage College Dic tionary. 40th ed. 2002. School vouchers The wrong choice for public education. (2001). Retrieved October 8, 2003 from http//www.Anti-Defamation League, 2001.org/vouchers/print.asp The Anti-Defamation League discusses the idea that school vouchers threaten the American value of separation between church and state.

Applied Ethics Essay

A False promise means a promise that is made with no intention of carrying it out and esp. that is made with intent to deceive or defraud. Nowadays, making ill-advised promises has become ubiquitous in our daily life. Is it a slump action or not? Based on Kantian ethic and Utilitarianism, there argon different ascertains in making a false promise.Utilitarians look at in making a false promise For Utilitarianism, it looks at the consequence of an action for all those people affected by the action. If the overall balance of gratification over un rejoicing is its consequence, the action is right unhappiness over happiness, it is wrong.(Chan Chun Fai s notes, Moral Theories, p.2) Also, the principle of utility applied to it is generally expressed as continuously act to produce greatest happiness for the greatest add of people. (Chan Chun Fais Power Point)For example, Betty has made a false promise to Peter. She borrowed some money from tom turkey as to travel to Taiwan with her f riends and promised him that she would return money to him after one week. So, gobbler was glad to lean her money. Betty made a false promise to concur enough money travelling with their friends and her friends were so thrilled about that although Tom would feel depressed about it. However, this action produces greatest happiness for the greatest number of people that Betty and her friends felt happy while only Tom felt unhappy. Therefore, it is considered as a right thing to do.But for rule-utilitarianism (RU), it is treated as a wrong action because RU looks at the consequence of a rule and the principle of utility is applied to a rule. Also, if everyone following the rule could produce near(a) consequence, then we should abide by that rulea right rule. (Chan Chun Fais Power Point) In this maculation, if everyone made false promises, people would stop believing promises and to each one other. As this action result in seriously consequence, it is not a right action in the con cept of rule- utilitarianism. Kantians view in making a false promiseKants deontology is not about consequence and happiness. It is about to act with a good will (which is an absolute good) is to act out of certificate of indebtedness to act out of duty is to act with moral law. (Chan Chun Fais notes, Moral TheoriesKants deontology P.1) If we do things just for our desires or feelings, it is not considered as a authentically moral action. For example, Peter does some amicable services only because it benefits him to get into university. In this case, as his social services are based on his desires, they are not done out of duty. So, these actions are not treated as moral actions.Of course, in Bettys case, she made a false promise to Tom and she acted without a good will. Also, she made a false promise to get what she wants has indicated that she did this only for her desires. Therefore, making a false promise is not a moral action in Kantians view.Besides, there is a principle of morality in Kants deontology called Categorical Imperative. It is the cardinal principle of morality. A categorical autocratic is unconditional and independent of any circumstances, goals, or desires. (Chan Chun Fais notes, Moral TheoriesKants deontology, P.2) Kant expressed this idea in two formulations called universal law and the end in itself. Base on this two formulas, we post judge an action whether it is right.Refer to the formula of universal law, we need to act only on that maxim whereby we can at the same time will that it should become a universal law. In general, if it is right for you to do something, then it is right for anyone in similar situation to do the same thing and you are required to be consistentdo not make exceptions for anyone, including yourself. Obviously, making a false promise cannot be a universal law as it is impossible for everyone to do the same or for you to will that everyone acts as you do. In fact, most of people must be unwilling to be made a false promise. As making false promises has exception that no one is willing for everyone to follow this rule, it cannot be a universal law. Due to this, it is not a right action.According to the end in itself, it is stated Act in such a way that you ever more than treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never simply as a means but everlastingly at the same time as an end. (Chan Chun Fais notes, Moral Theories, P.4) That means, we need to treat all rational humans as ends, never merely as a means to an end. Additionally, Kant stated that Every man is to be respected as an absolute end in itself and it is a crime against the dignity that belongs to him as a human being to use him as a mere means for some external purpose.Hence, it is morally wrong for Betty to make a false promise to him that uses Tom merely as a means to achieve her ends because Tom also has ends of his own. Therefore, making false promises is a wrong action in Kantians view as performing this action doesnt not respect others and use others merely as a means. My point of view over Utilitarianism and Kantian ethicsIn my opinion, Kantian ethics is better than Utilitarianism as doing things with Kants Deontology can enhance harmony in our community. Say, if we do social services out of duty, not of desires or feelings, such kind of behaviors can last longer. If we do social work base on the concept of utilitarianism in order to get some benefits or to satisfy ourselves, we will stop doing social services sooner or later once we have been satisfied. In addition, Kants deontology advocates respect of others while utilitarianism is more aggressive and selfish. If everyone does things with the concept of utilitarianism, it can be harmful to our society as all of us only animadvert about ourselves instead of being considerate to others.Conclusion In an aspect of utilitarianism, if making a false promise can produce greatest happiness for the greatest number of pe ople, it is a right action while it is a wrong thing to do in rule-utilitarianism as it result in bad consequence.Moreover, making false promises is with a bad will and for peoples desires that it is not a right thing to do in Kantians view as it uses others merely as a means and it will not be a universal law. Personally, I think Kantians ethics is more ideal than utilitarianism because of social harmony.

Consulting assignment Essay

What argon the potential sources of the problem?The source of these problems seems to be coming from two sphere of influences in Interwest Healthcare. The first area is the miscommunication that the hospital administrators are having with upper management. The hospital administrators and upper management are not only having miscommunication let outs but they also do not share the same role expectations with each(prenominal) other which is creating tension. The hospital people accused Singh of being a bureaucrat who did not care about patient services. Singh accused the hospital staffs of not understanding the importance of accurate reporting (Brickley, Smith & Zimmerman 2009 p. 38). The second area is the system or call on out that is in place for pictureing and entering data. The current process is clearly not running at an efficient rate which is raising concerns for upper management. Even though hospital administrators do not see to mettle to eye with upper management the concerns that they cod are valid and can have a very negative impact on Interwest Healthcare if the add is not resolved.What information would you want to analyze?The first information that would be analyzed is the process that is done to record and enter data for patients. It is alpha to summation as lots information as possible regarding the data entry because that is the root of the whole issue between hospital administrators and upper management. Another area that would be analyzed is the workplace with emphasis on how time is managed and the importance employees put on data entry. It is important to gather and analyze as much information as possible on the source of the problem. By gaining and analyzing the information it would help Interwest Healthcare make progress on the data entry issue which will put them in a better position to succeed.What executes might you recommend to increase the accuracy of the data entry?The first point of action would be streamlining and simp lifying the data entry process. By completing those it would not only increase the accuracy of the data entry but it would also decrease the essence on the hospital administrators. But before any changes to the data entry process are made it is important to communicate directly to the hospital administrators. It is important to have the hospital administrators on board with the changes that will be made with the data entry process. By gaining the hospital administrators consent with the changes this will allow a smoother transition for the data entry change and it could provide a positive change to the workplace.As for the changes to the data entry it would most likely be a simple computer process along with small piece of paperwork. It would be best to have some sort or paper record on file that would need to be alphabetized along with a simple computer program. The computer program would help ensure accuracy and would have the patients data record on file which will be easy to lo cate. There would be very little paper work for the process mainly because it takes up space and takes more time to record. The paper work that is part of the process would simply serve as a assuagement if the computers were down. The key to ensuring accuracy with the data entry is to make the process as simple as possible so it would minimize the errors.How does your view of behavior make believe how you might address the consulting assignment?As a consulting assignment I see Interwest Healthcare as a company in distress callable to the way the hospital administrators and upper management. The way the two groups have been behaving and treating each other it is a clear sign of stress and miscommunication. One of the first tasks is to arbitrate the two groups and try to have everyone on the same page. There is a clear disconnect on the expectations of each others roles but by bringing them together the roles and expectations can be made by two parties and progress can be accompl ished. In order to make progress both parties will need to be able to compromise and be willing to understand each others concerns and priorities.Refreneces Brickley, J.A., Smith, C.W. & Zimmerman J.L. (2009). Managerial economics and organizational architecture (5th Ed.). New York McGraw-Hill Irwin.

Andrew Carnegie Essay

The rise of capitalism was characterised by exploitation and opportunity. Opportunities, if taken at the chance, en able-bodiedd men to access wealth. Andrew Carnegie is the perfect theoretical account of an entrepreneur and man who built the roots of American infrastructure. He can also lived the perfect American dream. He has a typical rags to affluentes story, which makes him a historical icon and an admirable man. Carnegie is known to have built a fortune on steel. still, the ways in which he made gold could be considered an abuse to ethics and deterrent example rights. Toward the end of his life, Carnegie decided to use his wealth for the greater good of the community and back up learning. For the above reasons, he can be considered as a robber baron, but I believed that he also worked for the greater good of human race nature.Carnegie was able to take opportunities to create a vast fortune. He came from absolutely nothing, but is known as a captain of industry. He monopo lised wealth, transport and infrastructure. He was innate(p) in Scotland in 1835. His family migrated to America in 1848 when he was thirteen. As a young boy, he worked in a cotton factory in Pittsburgh. He did not have many years of schooling nor attended university but he became the richest man on the planet during the industrial revolution. In this sense, he is the avatar of the American Dream. One of Carnegies sayings The first man gets the oyster, the second gets the shell explains his career fully.Carnegie had the ability to identify and seize opportunities, to foresee what would happen to industries and to take risks. He also stated that people who are unable to motivate themselves must be content with mediocrity no matter how impressive their other talents furnish his ambitiousness. Carnegie was not content with commonplace. His ability to seize opportunities and invest in them dish outed greatly his career. He saw potential in telegraphing and transport. While he was wor king in the railroad industry, in 1859, he saw a connection between steel and infrastructure. Carnegie grabbed the opportunity and created a successful steel company, a great example of capitalist exploitation.Carnegies steel company, Carnegie Steel, which opened near Pittsburgh in the 1870s, is an example exploitation during the rise of capitalism. Carnegie created employment. The way he ran his company can be believed to be anabuse of manpower and human capacities. His workplace was similar to modern day sweatshops. He made men work hard. They had long hours, twelve hours per day, six years per week, in extremely poor working conditions. Because steel was in demand at the time, due to the advancements in steam engines, Carnegie decided to keep costs outset to attract more people. However that meant that he kept his workers wages low as well.This resulted in violent labour strike in 1892. Carnegie always preached for rights of workers and unions. However his actions did not match his rhetoric. A major strike at Carnegie Steel was a clash between capitalism and workers unions. It was bloody and violent. It lasted five month. During that time Carnegie went to Scotland and left-hand(a) the companys general manager, Henry Clay Frick in charge. 300 Pinkerton armed guards were posted around the factory and ten men were killed. Carnegies whole way out of this dilemma was to sell his factory. He sold it to J. Pier Morgan, for $480 million, in 1901. Andrew Carnegie turned his career from capitalism to philanthropy.When Carnegie sold his steel company to Morgan, he became the richest man on earth, said Morgan the day he bought the company. In 1889, Carnegie had published an essay, in which he stated that, the rich have a moral obligation to distribute their money in ways to promote the welfare and happiness of the common man. He also said that, the man who dies rich thus dies disgraced. During his life he gave away more than $350 millions. Carnegie supported educat ion and reading.He donated money to 2500 libraries around the world. The particular thing about Carnegies philanthropist career is that he did not just want to help people he valued to help others help themselves. He gave away his money for the improvement of mankind. For example, giving money away to libraries instead of people allowed mankind educate themselves. Consequently, education became easier to access for everyone. Carnegie became one of the most famous philanthropists, a pure(a) opposite to the man whom exploited people in his factory.Andrew Carnegie was both a robber baron and a philanthropist. In my opinion, he worked for the greater good of human nature. He was a man who took opportunities to make his career, as well as giving other opportunities. Even though he exploited people, and the working conditions in his steelfactory are an example of that, he offered them jobs, and a way to make money for their families. I agree that in the end he helped others to help them selves. His massive donation of $350 millions shows his change of heart towards the end of his life. As Carnegie, grew up in a poor social class, I believe that he wanted to give others similar opportunities as he strived for. Giving them a chance for education and free access to libraries. The millions of dollars that he donated gave others a chance to improve their lives. I believe that Andrew Carnegie is a man to be remembered as one whom sought better mankind.

Piaget’s theory Essay

Donaldson also found that children pay great attention to the affectionate context of a task. As they are in the process of developing a vocabulary, they rely on contextual clues to enhance their understanding of verbal communications. Piaget devised a task to study childrens understanding of the conservation of liquid. He asked whether the amount of liquid had changed after being poured from one shape vessel to another. Unable to mother wit a purpose in the activity, the children gave an answer based on the variable that has changed, i. e. the shape of the vessel.Making sense of the conservation task, putting it in a socially understandable context, achieved better results. A study by Light, Buckingham & Robbins (1979) involved 2 groups of 6 year olds. The first group were shown some pasta shells poured from the first surf to a wider one and 95 per cent of the children confirmed Piagets finding as being non-conservers. The second group of children were told that the shells were to be used in a game and the reason for the transference of shells was a chip on the rim of the first beaker. This time only 30 per cent of the children gave non-conserving answers.It would seem that the task essential make human sense to the child, not just to the investigator. Even though Donaldsons approach highlights the way in which Piaget underestimated childrens abilities, it made no objurgation of the theoretical framework. The lasting aspects of Piagets admirable body of work include the concept of a progression through developmental stages. There is a widely distributed agreement that the changes involved in the progression are of a qualitative nature, and, as Piaget explained, they come about as a result of constructive activity. developmental psychology will continue to evolve, grateful for the solid foundation

Operations Management at Bajaj

Markets Motorcycles Overall Two-wheeler sales of Indian players is dominated by the municipalated market and, inwardly it, by motorcycles. After growing at a sharp clip from the late 1990s, motorcycle sales witnessed a 7. 8% drop in spate in 2007-08, due to falling domestic demand as a result of rising interest rates and many private sector banks diminution their retail lending exposures. 2008-09 saw a modest increase in motorcycle sales of 4%, driven largely by growth in cash sales. Even so, sales of motorcycles (both domestic and exports) in 2008-09 has been lower than what it was in 2006-07, before the slowdown hit this sector. ABOUT BAJAJ-The group comprises of 34 companies and was founded in the course of instruction 1926. The groups flagship company, Bajaj political machine, is ranked as the worlds fourth largest two- and three- wheeler manufacturer and the Bajaj brand is well-known across several countries in Latin America, Africa, Middle eastern hemisphere, South and South East Asia. Founded in 1926, at the height of Indias movement for independence from the British, the group has an illustrious history. The integrity, dedication, resourcefulness and determination to succeed which are characteristic of the group today, are frequently traced back to its birth during those days of relentless devotion to a common cause.Motorcycles Domestic Sales for Bajaj Auto The company classifies motorcycles into three segments, based on consumer categories and close together(p) price points. These are a) Entry segment. These are typically 100 cc motorcycles at a price point in the neighbourhood of Rs. 35,000. Bajaj AutoDespite the slight uptick in the industrys sales volume, Bajaj Auto did not maintain volume growth, for reasons that depart be discussed below. From 1. 66 million motorcycles in 2007-08, the companys domestic sales fell by 23% to 1. 28 million units in 2008-09. Some of this was compensated by a 31% increase in exports to 631,383 units. simpl y it was not enough. Consequently, Bajaj Autos market share(domestic and exports, combined) fell from 32. 7% in 2007-08 to 28% in 2008-09. b) Executive segment. This largely comprises 100 cc to 135 cc motorcycles, priced between Rs. 40,000 to Rs. 50,000. We arein this segment with two brands XCD and Discover. c) Per physical bodyance segment. These are sleek, high performance, with price points in excess of Rs. 50,000. We are present here with our flagship brand, the Pulsar, and our cruiser, the retaliator. We dominate this space, with a domestic market share in excess of 47%.Using the three-fold classification described above, Chart plots Bajaj Autos domestic sales of motorcycles over 2008-09. pic Products Avenger Avenger 200 DTS-i Pulsar Pulsar 135 DTS-i Pulsar 220 DTS-i Pulsar 180 DTS-i Pulsar 150 DTS-i Discover Discover 135 DTS-i Discover DTS-i Platina Platina 125 Platina 100 cc NINJA Ninja 250 R Operations Plants Bajaj Autos vehicle manufacturing capableness stands at 3. 96 mi llion units comprising 3. 6 million two-wheelers and 360,000 three-wheelers. The newest plant at Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) has a capacity to produce 900,000 two-wheelers. Table gives the capacity data. picPantnagar Bajaj Autos production at its state-of-the-art Pantnagar plant (Uttarakhand) has been on the rise. In 2007-08, the plant produced 276,925 motorcycles. This increased by 15% to 318,321 vehicles in 2008-09. By end-2008-09, Pantnagar was producing whatsoever 40,000 motorcycles per month. To maximise the tax benefits available at Uttarakhand, the company is shifting some of its more profitable products to the Pantnagar plant. After the shift of these products, the plant is expected to produce round 60,000 vehicles by the third quarter of 2009-10. Table gives the data on which products are manufactured in what plant. pic MAJOR SUPPIERS SUPPLIERS PARTS USHA PISTONS,RINGS ROLON CHAIN,CHAIN SPROCKET ENDURANCE FORKS,SHOCKERS,RIMS,ALLOY-WHEELS PRICOL METER console table MI NDA LOCKS ,HORNS,SWITCHES LUMAX LAMPS SUNDARAM FASTENERS KBX DISK BRAKE PADS BOSCH SPARK PLUGS EXIDE BATTERIES MRF TYRES Supply Chain Bajaj Autos supply kitchen stove encompasses the process from vendors to the final customers via manufacturing. Therefore, the Companys supply chain involves as much the vendors and the procurement-to- acceptment logistics, as it does the manufacturing to selling process, or the order to cash system. Given below are some of the key supply chain initiatives of Bajaj Auto. Vendors almost of the Companys vendor initiatives, including the Pantnagar operations and TPM assimilate been discussed earlier.What needs to be emphasised is that the 16 vendors clustered within the campus of Bajaj Autos Pantnagar plant were a part of a planned process of project development where the vendors were fully integrated with the plant, starting with basic raw materials, automated paint, plating and powder application plants. This has ensured that the maximum possible value addition is done within Uttarakhand, so as to maximise the tax advantage and make Bajaj Autos motorcycles so far more cost competitive. Initial facilities created by vendors at Pantnagar at an aggregate investment of Rs. 5 billion (Rs. 500 crore) are for half million motorcycles per year, which will be increased with balancing investments to roduce one million motorcycles per year to synchronise with the Companys plans. Dealers Bajaj Auto has adopted a channel policy lift which is unique in the automobile industry. This policy and its linked initiatives are guided by the requirements of specific sets of the Companys final customers. 1. The Primary Channel This comprises 408 sole(prenominal) two-wheeler dealers, 75 exclusive three-wheeler dealers, and 98 dealers who deal in both product categories. Bajaj Auto has followed a policy of systematic network consolidation, in which the primary dealerships have been given a larger scale and scope to operate based on thei r strengths. 2. The Secondary Channel Much of Bajaj Autos recent winner can be attributed to policy of rapidly adding to the number of secondary outlets, which provide sales, service and spares support in the vast hinterland of India. These are in the form of 1,500 Authorised Service Centres (ASC), 4,500 Rural Service Outlets (RSO), and 750 Young Engineer Service (YES) centres in the towns and cities. 3. The Rural India Foray The Company has been aggressively pursuing initiatives to increase two-wheeler penetration in rural India. A large number of rural outlets were added to the network during the year, which not only increased hinterland sales but also gave spare employment in the rural sector. 4. Pro-biking This initiative sits far away from the rural India play but is no less important.Bajaj Auto believes that young India doesnt pay to buy motorcycles it pays to buy excitement and exhilaration. The Pro-biking initiative, which was kicked off with the inauguration of first sto re in Pune in August 2005, aims precisely at creating this thrill. Owned and operated by Bajaj Auto, Pro-biking showrooms are now operational in Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad. AUTOMOBILE BAJAJ Assignment on Operations Management Prasad T. P. FN-105 Mahesh R. FK-1895 Jijo Lukose FN-77 Deepu P. FK-1905 Abinash Nanda FK-2010 Anoop B. FK-2005 Manu Korah Mathew Athul Raj Vyshakh P. R. FK-1919 Balaji Vinay Singh FK-1883 PRasad

Business Research Ethics Essay

Joseph J.C. DiCarlo was undercoat guilty of embezzling $40,000 from a consulting firm in New York for suppressing a legislative report. This report unfavorably criticized the firms construction contracts. Joseph J.C. DiCarlo already had a tarnished reputation of a corrupt official, and unethical practices. Based on Josephs actions the state senators were the affected parties in this case study. As Joseph was found guilty the state senators at that time felt relieved that a person with his unethical practices would no longer have the power entrusted in him. The expressive style in which DiCarlo extorted m acey for the construction of the University of Massachusetts in Boston, and tried to sabotage a legislative report was all for personal gain. Joseph was voted in to seat by the public and entrusted to make ethical actions that would be in the best interest of the organization and the public. This case study, shows how greed and selfishness played a major role in the choices DiCarlo made, he however did not for see the investigation that led to his conviction. This conviction put an end to his career and was expelled as a senate in 1977.Although Joseph DiCarlo sealed his knowledge fate, his actions were illegal, and unethical. With such a thin line between what is unethical and illegal it is usually up to the organization or look into firms to determine if any research or action is would be characterized as unethical or illegal. Most businesses or and organizations strive themselves to instil ethical practices to their employees, it is unfortunately that Joseph DiCarlo was placed in a seat of power where some of these practices are not followed by the people who put them in place. Some organizations go as far as conducting periodical or even monthly trainings, to keep employees up to date with current policies and procedures. In any case an organization conducts these trainings to protect themselves from any liability, due to the employees unethical practic es. In this case Josephs unethical practices resulted in his conviction, and liability to pay fines based on his actions. His unethical actions resulted in a $5,000 fine and one year in prison. Although, he did steal $40,000, but only paid back $5,000, the University of Massachusetts students.

Management innovation in the South African dairy industry Essay

The case focuses on management innovation in the South African dairy industry, describing how an innovative new yoghurt product, Danimal, was created specifically for the market at the base of the benefit. It explains how management of the product line embodied the various innovation opportunities and challenges presented.The concept was initially introduced in order to assess the feasibility of profitably service this market. However, the project was not simply about introducing a cheap brand to poor people but was more about creating brand awareness in the market at the base of the pyramid. It was an investment for the future.The new product took into consideration the nutritional shortcomings in the diet of children in this market and also allowed for the lack of getable infrastructure electricity and refrigeration.The case illustrates the importance of a product being affordable, relevant and available for this market. Innovation went further than product design and also took into look the necessity of a lean distribution channel. This took the form of micro-distributers, referred to as Danimamas, who comprised township residents, unemployed or part-time employed individuals.The case offers insights into the complexity of doing business in developing countries. The company admits that it has not been a sustainable business model in terms of current profitability but the value that has been gained from social merchandise and long-term brand development has been great.The case concludes with the challenge of how to ensure that the project continues on its upward trajectory.The objectives of the case are to encourage students to have a wagerer understanding of the strategies required to successfully impact on low-income markets in developing countries, the different metrics that one could consider when assessing the impact of interventions on the base of the pyramid market, and the importance of harnessing opportunities and overcoming the challenges of management innovation.Questions to answerHow does the Danimal project shed light on and challenge the principals suggested to manage the base of the pyramid? How would you measure the success of the Danimal project?How does the come up taken by Maria Pretorius in managing the Danimal product line factor in management innovation opportunities and challenges?

Sally Satel

A Second Chance at Life Sally Satels argument in Deaths Waiting List, states that there is an extreme lack of electric electric organ donors in this society. 70,000 Americans are waiting for kidneys, according to The United Network for Organ Sharing and only about(predicate) 16,000 people received one last year. In large cities, where the ratio of acceptable organs to needy patients is worst, the wait is five to eight years and is expected to double by 2014 . in that location is no reason wherefore the wait should be this long because any one can be an organ donor and Satel does a great job of explaining the benefits throughout in her essay. As a previous member of the waiting list, Satel resorted to dread(a) measures when she considered going to the black market to obtain a kidney that she needed as well as move a website called matchingdonors. com. She was lucky enough to find a match on the website, but unfortunately he fell through. As far as the black market goes, she tho ught it was too risky and severe even though she was in a life or death situation.This all could have been prevented if to a greater extent people in our country were to consider themselves organ donors. If the black market isnt safe for purchase movies or getting music illegally, then it is emphatically not safe for buying a kidney. This tenuous statement in Satels essay provides a shocking emotional appeal to the readers. She brought up a great point that in close European countries, they practice presumed consent which is when all citizens are considered donors at death unless they sign an anti-donor card.In my opinion, I study that it is harder to say no when the situation is right in front of you, than to say no when you are getting your license at sixteen years old. It is definitely easier to just pass by the opportunity to give life to someone else when the situation does not nowadays affect you. One of the most popular arguments against organ donation is that it is ag ainst the persons religion. According to OrganDonor. gov, most religions encourage transplants because it is not only an act of charity, fraternal love, and self sacrifice, but too an act of heavy(p).In the fount of The Greek Orthodox Church, they are not opposed to organ donation as long as the organs and tissue in question are used to better human life. For example transplantation or for research that will lead to improvements in the treatment and prevention of disease. The Greek Orthodox is among 26 other religions, including United Methodist, Mormons, Lutherans, Judaism, Islam, Catholicism, Buddhism, Baptist, Amish and The Christian Church that all believe organ donation is beneficial and at the same time, is encouraged.In her essay, Satel used emotional appeal to persuade her audience that everyone should be an organ donor. She added her own intimacy in the beginning that was twain interesting and attention-grabbing, which made the essay much to a greater extent(prenom inal) personal to the reader. There was also a lot of shocking statistics that increased her argument to something stronger and more rational. She never criticized people that accept not to be organ donors, but instead made it clear that it would be an advantage to both the donor and recipient.She successfully gave counterarguments and was able to switch them around to something positive that helped support her argument. The one thing that dissagree with in this article was that she brought up a point hinting that sperm, egg and surrogate mothers were the same thing as donating organs. I do not believe this at all, because when someone gives sperm or an egg they are free away a carbon copy of themselves for no reason other than to give another family a child.It is not a life or death situation like organ donation is and giving away copies of yourself has nothing to do with after-death procedures. That part of the essay should have been omitted because it is completely irrelevant a nd useless information. Satel also spent a lot of time on her personal story at the beginning. It was a expert start to her essay but it was a little bit too much and she should have had more information about why the opposing views are wrong as well as more benefits to donating organs.I agree completely with Satels reasoning that giving incentives would increase the total amount of donors and I believe that those measures should be taken as soon as possible. Innocent lives are being lost universal just because there are not enough people in the United States that put organ donor on their drivers licenses. Those two, very simple words can mean the reality to someone on the waiting list, and there is no reason why everyone shouldnt be a donor, especially with financial incentives.

How Does Charles Dickens Create Sympathy In Great Expectations? Essay

demon uses many ways to clear sympathy for his characters in large(p) expectations this is very useful in a successful novel as it will help to sell and non only that more than people will want to demoralize it. Charles Dickens uses many ways to achieve sympathy for his characters such as the use of vivid descriptions with right on procedurals, the setting is in addition used very well to great effect as it is a great way to create sympathyThe small bundle of shivers growing afraid of it all and beginning to bid was lather this is just one way that Dickens uses to create sympathy for his characters in Great Expectations. Dickens also uses many other ways to create sympathy for his characters such as the use of adjectives. The adjective surpass shows an unloved place of which no one cargons how it looks, also it could be full of weeds and plants this adds to the slump created by the mind.Dickens also uses the setting to enhance the feeling of sympathy shameful place overg rown with nettles was the perform yard in this the adjective bleak gives on impression of an exposed barren also cold and damp place. The whole sentence creates an impression of a dismal place. This enhances the sense of sympathy. For his characters I am handout to focus on three main characters theses are Pip, Magwitch and Miss Havisham. I am going to use some character of less importance these are Estella, Joe and Pips sister.In addition, I am going to use two main texts and these are pip in the churchyard and the skirmish of Miss Havisham also, I am going to add elements of the novel I think there are other points that creates sympathy for pip than these two texts. When we first meet Pip, he is sitting in an dislocated village churchyard staring at his parents tombstones. The village churchyard is described as a unsanded place overgrown with nettles giving the setting an image of dismal place unloved and uncared for.The adjective bleak aids the description as it means bare or desolated and also it often means rescind swept this helps aid the description of the church yard as this describe it well because a church yard is often very sombre or a very upsetting place . Pip was in the churchyard where his parents were buried, along with his five brothers instantly we feel sorry for him as he has no living relatives except for his older sister . Five little stone lozenges each about a foot and a half long from this we know his brothers have died and have been buried in a row.Pips brothers would have most credibly have died or stop trying to recognize a living. Pips younger brothers would not have gone to school, as there was no education for those who could not afford it. At this time, many people were poor and could not afford it. Additionally, there was no NHS helping but also there was some medical service but you would have to be well-off enough to afford it. From the text we know both his parents had died by I never saw my have or mother this gi ves us a sense of sympathy and loneliness also I never saw any likeliness of them.Pip never saw his parents or what they look like ulterior on in the text we realise that the only impression of his parents are derived from there grave stones and more so from the lettering . Pip probably saw no reference to what his parent looked like as at this time there were no cameras to take a photo of the propagation they spent together as this is why he saw no likeness of them also his parents probably died because the were mo medicine or you had to be rich to get some. Also later on in the novel his only living relative beats pip up.

Presentation Of Behaviorism And Social Learning Essay

erudition about how and why people and animals alike behave in a circumstantial way has always been a topic of interest that spans even in the Olden Times, hence, Behaviorism came about. It is a surmisal which takes learning as the result of the actions of the environment on the learner. ( Denis & Phillips, 2003, p.7 ). Associated with this theory is the view of tabula rasa, where the mind has vigour and that all information our mind has is a result of the experiences we go through. Under Behaviorism are the hobby types of learning Classical instruct, which depicts the connection between stimulus and response. (Davis, 2002, p.166) Imagine a new born bilk who cried because it was slapped by the doctor on the buttocks.The slap on the buttocks was the stimulus, and crying was the response to that stimulus. Operant Conditioning deals more with the positive and negative outcomes of a response, simply put, positive and negative reinforcements. For usage a shaver studies hard becau se every time that child gets high grades, a portray is given to that child. The giving of the gift reinforces the childs behavior to earn high grades for the long-term. Another type of learning that falls under(a) Behaviorism is the Social Learning Theory, which involves the observation of admirable things, which are thus, modeled or mirrored. (Kafai, 2004, p.129).This learning theory can be summed up through these words Learning by Observation. A child sideline the footsteps of an elder sibling who has been recognized due to excellent grades can be a good example of the Social Learning Theory in application. The Self-Efficacy Theory, a theory that falls under the Social Learning Theory also plays an important role in psychology.It states that the persons perception of what he or she can do or is capable of, makes that person choose actions that will pave the way for him/her attain set goals. Personality Development/Self-Confidence Books/Courses embody self-efficacy, as it is c ommon knowledge that if you believe in yourself, more often than not, you succeed in a task. Behaviorism, I believe, can be used for self-understanding and self-improvement.ReferencesDavies, Martin. (2002). The Blackwell mate to Social Work. Britain Blackwell Publishing.Denis, Charles., & Phillips, Jonas F. Soltis. (2003). Perspectives on Learning. New York Teachers College Press.Kafai, Yasmin B. (2004). Embracing Diversity in the Learning Sciences. Yorkshire Routledge.

Heredity, Environment and Development Essay

Development of a person includes physical, mental, emotional and social aspects. These developments are associated with his genetic factors and also the factors related to the environment in which he is interacting with. Most of the personality traits were developed through these factors alone. In the late twentieth century, some of the key genes that control developmental processes (such as the Hox genes) were at last discovered.(Heredity) Heredity means the wobble of the characteristics of parents to their off-springs through genes in their chromosomes. Every child enters the world with certain physical and mental features of their parents. These factors will claim his development throughout his life.Environment means all those factors which are contributed to the development of a person from the home, family, neighborhood, compeer group, the school and the entire community in which the person is interacting. environmental effects appeared broad and dynamic whereas the adolesce nts effects on environment appeared direct and specific (Reciprocal Relationship between Home Environment and Development of TMR Adolescents) Environmental influences can be divided into two classes, shared and non-shared (or laughable) environment.Shared environment is the environment shared by siblings reared in the same family. This includes such variables as socioeconomic status and parent education. Non-shared environment is the environment unique to the individual. This includes such variables as peer group. (Behavior Genetics)ConclusionThe development of a person is controlled by nature and elevation or heredity and environment. Most of the personality traits are the contributions of heredity and environment.References1. Heredity, Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2008, Retrieved on March 20, 2009from http//uk.encarta.msn.com 1997-2008 Microsoft Corporation, in all Rights Reserved.2. Reciprocal Relationship between Home Environment and Development of TMRAdolescents, R etrieved on March 20, 2009 fromhttp//www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb= reliable&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=EJ291590&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=EJ2915903. Behavior Genetics, 2001, Retrieved on March 20, 2009 fromhttp//www.personalityresearch.org/bg.html

Personal Trainer Essay

1. What options does Personal trainer have for developing a new system? What be some specific issues and options that Susan should consider in making a decision Creating a web site that allows members to login and access information about their individualised fitness program. Susan needs to do some research and find out what internet development environments she wants to utilize such as web sphere or .net by Microsoft. Susan needs to look at the similarities and differences betwixt the old and new center.2. Susan has been asked to tog up a system requirements document and deliver a presentation to the charge team. What should be the main elements of the system requirements document? Susan needs to create a document that includes an introduction, summary, findings, recommendations, time and cost estimates, expected benefits and an appendix, and maybe to also include charts, graphs, and/or other helpful visuals in the document to declare her presentation.3. Based on the suggest ions in Part A of the Systems Analysts Toolkit, what visual aids should Susan do during her presentation?Susan should use power point as a visual aid, some flip charts, overhead transparencies, videos, slides, to improve her presentation. She should also prepare a contingency plan in case anything was to happen to her presentation.4. Susan wants to prepare a presentation that will calculate the total cost of ownership for the system. What financial analysis cats-paws are available to her, and what are the advantages (and possible disadvantages) of each tool?Payback Analysis is the process of determining how coherent it takes an information system to pay for itself. The time it takes to recover the systems cost is called the payback period. Susan Can use this tool to see how long it will take to recoup her costs.Return on Investment (ROI) percentage enjoin that measures profitability by comparing the total net benefits (return) received from a project to the total costs. Susan burn down use this tool to calculate how long it will take to see a return on her investments Net Present Value (NPV) This tool will

Issued of the ligalization of drugs Research Paper

Issued of the ligalization of do drugss - Research paper ExampleIllegalization of various drugs such as cocaine, cannabis and heroin creates a major social bother and conflicts in the society thus making the government lose substantial financial resources annual. The government should beca determination legalize the use of drugs and create effective systems that are easy to manage in order to check-out procedure the menace s the discussion below portrays.Legalizing drugs has more advantages than the current state of affairs has. Some of the illegal drugs have medicinal value a feature that continues to enhance their usage. A drug like marijuana is among the most commonly abused dug in the United States. Users of such rugs cite its medicinal value. As such, the government should make marijuana a prescription drug a feature that would ease admittance to such drugs thus limiting the violence and crime often associated with the illegal outfits that peddle the drugs. Decriminalizat ion of drugs would land the cost of regulating the use of the drugs in the society since it creates systematic structures for the supervision of the industry (Leuw and Marshall 89).Legalizing the drug would lower the cost of sustaining the various law enforcement agencies in the country. As stated earlier, the government spends billions of taxpayers money in running various police outfits and correctional facilities most of which are strained by the high return of drug offenders most of the inmates in penitentiaries have drug related types. Marijuana is the most common case in the prisons (Husak 121). This implies that by legalizing such a simple drug as marijuana, the government would save billions of dollars for use in other sectors of the economy thus enhancing the economic growth in the country. The reduction in the insistence in such facilities would create room for the effective and efficient management of the prisons thus enhancing the creation of a cohesive

Business plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business plan - Essay ExampleIt aims at providing management education which is at par with international standards. Over the last couple of demands for craft management teachs has gained a lot of momentum. GSBM leave al one embark on its operations locally in UK and will later on expand to Australian and Indian markets. The school will host its first local branch in London as this will be a London based business school. Thus, the first batch of its students will come from UK. The MBA market in spite of appearance UK is very competitive and is only expected to grown in the next couple of years. Macro-economic conditions within UK are extremely supportive and conducive to the growth of a new business school. Government policies and factors also estimation the growth of MBA markets. Brief overview of the School and Program Design Management skills are very critical for private and professional development of people. They enhance the life style of people and improves their livi ng standards. People who have managerial skills come across as charismatic they are rise managed and are fitted to attain their goals rather quickly. Thus management education helps students in providing them a strong platform for their career growth and success. The business requirements of the modern world want people who are sound on their management skills as it is of import for organizational growth. The program design of GSBM will be built to develop management skills and core competencies of its students. The tension will be to produce students who can adapt themselves to the changing paradigm of the world and use their skills efficiency. The main(prenominal) objective of GSBM would be to provide management skills to its future leaders in the business world. The school will be based in London and will have operations spaced out in divisional units and campus. The school will expand from London to Australia and India. The school will aspire to offer shade educations to its student in management. The student will be given the opportunity to pick either one of the following as their studys Finance Marketing Human Resource Management Each major choice will have its own set of electives and each student will be allowed to prefer for his choice of electives. Other than the electives there will be some core management and social apprehension related subjects which will be mandatory for every enrolled student to undertake. The basal aim of the program offered at GSBM is to equip students with the technical knowledge related to business outline and environment to ensure they are well versed and aware of business activities and to equip them with sound management related knowledge. Generic Strategy The primary objective of the school is to provide quality education to its students. It will not be capable with a profit-making perspective. Its main aim is to produce well equipped management students who are able to stand out in the job market in the c orporate world. For this purpose, a generic strategy will be followed. Michael Porter was of the view that a business should make a choice mingled with cardinal fundamental decisions when deciding its competitive advantage. The choice should be either to 1. Compete on the basis of price OR 2. To compete on the basis of a differentiating point in the business. These two choices were further explained in the form of four generic competitive strategies which he argued were the main range of choices acquirable for a successful business. They are 1. Cost

The dynamics of employment relations in British Airways Essay

The dynamics of involution relations in British Airways - Essay casingAccording to the research findings employment relations refer to the collective and individual dimensions of labour and the associated buying and marketing of this labour power. However, fundamentally the definition of employment relations does not remain restricted to the field of betray unions, government agencies and employers associations or processes of collective bargaining it rather focuses on employment relationships. Poole has rightly delimitate the scope of employment relationships as a discipline concerning the systematic and organised study of all the aspects of employment relationships in the organizations. This relationship is reelectd when an employee sells his capacity of work in exchange for wages and other benefits. It also considers the capableness disagreement between employees and employers and considers the broader context in which organizations operate, influence of the broader nature of economic activities, analyses the basis of conflicts and accommodations between employers and employees and develops interdisciplinary approaches based on ideas and concepts derived from sociology, psychology or even economics. This assignment analyses the various employee engagement strategies and employment relations strategies in British Airways and the associated policies and practices implemented by the organization. This is done in the context of suitability or fittingness of these strategies with the present and emerging trends of business. The use of these strategies and their impacts in driving organizational performance and productivity be analysed in the project. The project also analyses whether and how British Airways evaluates the performance of its employees. Based on this analysis suitable recommendations are provided with regards to the menstruum employment relationship strategies in the organization. This is done to ensure they are strategically beneficial fo r the organization and are cost effective too. Finally an action plan is provided with clearly defined processes and practices along with the likely outcomes they could generate for the organization. Findings Employment Relations in the organization British Airways began its existence within the public sector and had legal age of its characteristics in tandem with employment relations of the public sector organizations. The organization was highly unionised and recognise sixteen separate trade unions. One of these was BALPLA (British Airlines Pilots Association). This union

International personality Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

International personality - Assignment Examplea lady, and the ch onlyenges she experienced as a young black girl in her upbringing have rattling contributed to the kind heart that Oprah Winfrey exhibits (Hanson, 2009).At her slop show, Oprah Winfrey addresses very many challenges, especially social, that affect either a huge population or a selected minority. The direct effects of the show on various peck can be said to be overwhelming. This is because Oprah Winfrey is surrounded by a team of in-house experts, or guest experts, in various fields who normally provide their expert advice or understanding of the issues at hand. consort to Garson (2011), as a successful entrepreneur, Oprah Winfrey has not left(p) out the community that is needy. Her various acts of kindness has left no option but for her to be tagged as a philanthropist. She has been involved in several(prenominal) charity programs, as well as in the general commitment to raising the values of animateness for the l ess-fortunate in the community and the world over. Berkley and Economy (2008) say that her influence and success has impacted positively to the citizens all over the world thus making her one happy woman who is so much admired. enchantment reading the articles about Oprah Winfrey, they really encourage individual and despite several cultural inclinations, it encourages someone and gives them try for .They show one that success is something that is brewed and it normally comes with several responsibilities. These responsibilities are normally a way that someone uses to bless the community around them.This human right is not limited to any extent, as coherent as the right does not infringe on the peoples rights. In any heavy(a) country, the citizens of that nation practice independence of speech in a manner that is indulgent. This means that they can talk about sensitive issues even the ones that touch directly on the government and even the powerful people. The freedom of speech in these liberal and democratic nations cannot pause as a security threat to the ones

Business Financing and the Capital Structure Essay - 3

Business Financing and the Capital body structure - Essay ExampleThe debt financing is welcome in many cases in which the loaned amount can be easily repaid back by the borrower. In addition to this debt also provides advantage to the companies that have opted for debt. Mostly the companies in the later stages go in for debt financing. The Equity financing method acting is the process in which the companies use the method of raising capital by selling company stocks to the investors. While in debt, financing the company does not have to shargon any ownership with the creditors but in the lawfulness financing the shareholders are habituated the ownership of the shares of the company. The equity shares capital is usually opted for in the initial starting of the company when there are no cash inflows or revenues. The company to entice the investors who have an appetite for risks alongside the entrepreneur who has started the channel uses equity financing. In todays business ground wh ere the debt is costly because the ability to repay debt is super essential, the companies should maintain a debt to equity ratio of 11 or 12. The 11 ratio of debt to equity means that debt and equity should be of the same amount where as the 12 ratio suggests that the same amount to debt should have double amount of equity. Thus, the decision of choosing debt financing or equity financing should be based on the stage of progress of the business. If the business is in the startup stage when the cash inflows and the revenues are scarce, the company should definitely go for generation of fresh equity capital. Where as in the later stages of the company when it has started acquiring cash inflows it should opt for debt financing. There is another problem involved in the starting up position of the company where if the company does not show a strong gelt creating potential then it would not attract any strong investors or venture capitalists who

Lewis acid catalysts, eg. Fe3+, Ru3+, Zn2+, etc., for certain organic Thesis Proposal

Lewis acid catalysts, eg. Fe3+, Ru3+, Zn2+, etc., for certain organic transformations - Thesis Proposal Examplete possesses a series of basic sites, reaction specificity is necessary for that particular interaction between acid and base so that the desired functionality is achieved and not the other. The Lewis acid predetermines the nature of the intermediate cationic specie. It can be an ion pair, a covalent compound with weak C-X bond or an intermediary compound (Suzuki 1557).Lewis acids found their applications in a vomit up of carbon-carbon forming reactions. Usually, Mukaiyama aldol synthesis (Mukaiyama, Banno, and Narasaka 7503), Diels-Alder reactions (Clayden, Greeves, Warren, and Wothers 905) ene reactions and Friedel-Crafts reaction (Clayden, Greeves, Warren, and Wothers 920) are catalysed by commonly employed Lewis acids such as BF3, TiCl4, SnCl4 and AlCl3. These compounds can activate a series of organic groups and usually exist as dimers, trimmers or oligomers. In most c ases, such reactions are highly efficient but with little or no chemo, persona or stereoselectivity. It was noted that only small changes in ligands, surrounding the central metal ion can exceed to monomeric structures in organic solvents thus increasing their acidity and re exertion. Also, these changes in ligands change the way the newly form Lewis acids interact with their substrates, thus manifesting new selectivity (Yamamoto and Saito 239).As an example of the idea presented above, two compounds can be tramp forward MAD (bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4methylphenoxide) methylaluminum) and ATPH (tris(2,6-diphenylphenoxide) tris(2,6-diphenylphenoxide)). both compounds were prepared from Me3Al and the corresponding, highly substituted phenol according to the scheme belowBoth compounds are highly useful in highly specific chemical transformation. It is possible to lower the activity of the Lewis acids prepared in a way that ATPH was by taking more electron donating organic substrates. c omparing to conventionally employed Lewis acids, it was established that the steric effect of the presented above

Offer and acceptance in english contract law Essay

Offer and acceptance in english cut law - Essay ExampleThe musical arrangement is one of the fundamental elements of a valid contract. It depicts the coming to harm of the parties to the contract through consensus over terms of a contract. The agreement is a product of existence of twirl and acceptance. An offer is a promise made by one party to another in which the promiser intends to be detain by terms of his promise. Some of the elements of an offer include the intention to be bound by the offer if it is accepted, and the existence of terms that creates rights and liabilities in the event of acceptance. Acceptance on the other hand, refers to the promisees intent to be bound by the promisors terms of offer. Once an offer is accepted, an agreement is deemed to have existed between the parties forming ground for a contract. The offer and acceptance are however subject to a number of principles ... An advertizement is for example a presentation of information over the subject matter and scarcely acts as an invitation to a customer to make an offer. In the case of Partridge v Crittenden (1968), the court held that an advertisement that indicated the price of goods in a vendors shop does not amount to an offer. Similarly, exhibition of goods for boast does not amount to an offer. The owner of the goods is therefore not bound by the information displayed in an exhibition, as an offer for the good has not yet been made. Such was the ratio decidendi in the case of Pharmaceutical society of Great Britain v Boots cash chemists (1953). The defendant was accused of offering to sell commodities to the public contrary to prescriptions by regulatory bodies. It was held that the display of drugs on the shelf does not amount to an offer (Rush and Ottley, 2006, 47). Similarly, response to question for readying of information does not amount to an offer. This was held in the case of Harvey v Facey (1893) in which a defendants statement of the lowest price that coul d be accepted for sale of a piece of land was considered not to amount to an offer (Rush and Ottley, 2006, 48). The doctrine of invitation to treat is however exempted in some cases under which an advertisement rear constitute an offer. In the case of Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co Ltd (1893), it was held that the defendants advertisement amounted to an offer. The defendant stated in its advertisement that a reward would be offered to any person who contract influenza after using its medicine as prescribed. The advertisement further indicated that money had been deposited for the rewards. The court, in its judgement, held

Nutritional Values of Meals Provided By Day Nurseries To 3-5year Essay

Nutritional Values of Meals Provided By Day Nurseries To 3-5year Children - Essay ExampleThis essay stresses that the primary come of data for this research shall be information gathered from interviews conducted and visits to several local day vexation centres. The operators and workers of disparate nurseries will be interviewed for the types of and content of meals provided to children. By comparing the food fictional character of variant day economic aid centres and also the food quality of the nurseries with the recommended daily allowance of vital nutrients, inferences can be drawn closely the nutritional value of meals provided by nurseries. On ethical grounds, approval for the study shall first be desire from the relevant Institutional Review Boards. Confidentiality will be assured and personal information will non be collected. The data collated from the interviews and visits to the sampled nurseries will be analysed qualitatively to ascertain the nutritional values of meals provided in different day care centres, whether this is sufficient and if there is a relationship between the type of day care centre and the nutritional value of the meals provided.This study is very important, as it will establish the sufficiency or otherwise of the proliferating day care centres in adequately nurturing the young population of this country entrusted to their care. It shall also adjudicate to establish if there is any link between type of day care centre and the quality of care they provide, this information will greatly aid parents in choosing the best nursery for the children.

English Contract Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

English Contract lawfulness - Case Study ExampleInvoice send by the lodge included the none which utter that the terms of the obligation shall be adhered according to the original quotation. As per the original quotations Gordon has clearly specified that the servers with in vogue(p) processors and maximum entrepot capacities are to be delivered within one month of the order and also sent the payment under the pay off with the specific instruction that contracting under my specification.Therefore the company is under an arrangement to deliver within one month and since the delivery is not make within a month there is a clear violation of the contract. In addition there is the violation of the contract specifications as to the quality of the servers also. Since the company has sent servers which did not meet the requirements of Gordon with respect to energy sufficiency and without latest processors the company has made a second violation of the contract. The company Dodgy ha s fulfilled only the maximum storage capabilities requirements of the servers.The failure on the part of the company to supply the servers with the required specifications gives rise to different remedies under the contract law to Gordon. ... In this instance Gordon is entitled to the right of withdrawing from the contract since he has expressly made his go for to procure servers with energy efficiency and latest processors. Therefore these terms of specifications to the servers become the terms of prime vastness to the contract and the failure to meet these terms entail the cancellation of contract by Gordon.In an alternative positioning if Gordon has not made specific request for the supply of servers with energy efficiency and latest processors, he cannot reject the contract as there will be a case of breach of warranty only. The deal that Gordon has specified the requirements and Dodgy has not fulfilled them has resulted in a breach of the condition and therefore has adapte d the nature of the contract. In addition the contract would be treated as void as it is made by misrepresentation. Dodgy has made misrepresentation about its proceedss to Gordon and Gordon has ordered the supply in utmost approximate faith. Since by the supply of servers not meeting the specifications Gordon has been misled by the company and Gordon therefore is entitled to treat the contract void. An additional point to consider here is that the misrepresentation by the company as regards the quality of the product is not an innocent misrepresentation but one made with the specific intention of making Gordon look at that. It is unlawful on the part of Dodgy to enter into a contract with Gordon for the goods which the company may not be able to supply at all. Even though there are mistakes committed by both the parties with regard to the terms of the contract, the contract needs to be terminated as there is no identity of minds (consensus ad

Epithelial Tissue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

epithelial Tissue - Essay ExampleEpithelial tissue, which is only one layer thick, is called simple epithelium art object stratified epithelium is two or more cells thick.Based on shape, simple epithelial cells croupe be classified as (1) artless squamous the cells are savorless, thin, fish-scale shaped and have elliptical nuclei. They form the outermost layers of the skin and the lining of cavities, such as the mouth, blood vessels, heart, and lungs. (2) Simple cuboidal the cells are square or cuboidal, with spherical nuclei. They are found in the ducts of glands, lining of the kidney tubules and also form the germinal epithelium, which produces the eggs and sperms. (3) Simple columnar the cells are columnar, with elongated nuclei and form the lining of the digestive tract. Simple columnar ciliated epithelium has fine, hair-like outgrowths on its free surface. Cilia are capable of rapid, rhythmic forepart of mucus in the nose and the movement of ovum towards the uterus. (4) Si mple pseudo-stratified columnar the columns are all of the varying heights, giving a false pic of multiple layers. They are found in the nasal cavity, larynx, and trachea.Stratified, or compound, epithelium consists of external layers which are flat and scaly and may contain a tough, resistant protein called keratin, as in the skin.

The relationship of leadership to the politics of the organization Essay

The relationship of leadership to the politics of the organization - Essay subject(Fryer, 2004 342) Upon examining the case of George Latour, the researcher will discuss the leadership style used by George followed by assessing the justness of the leadership style. On the part of Shelley, the researcher will provide some recommended strategies that she could employ to enable her to break down manage her boss. Prior to the main discussion, the researcher will assess the relative political position of George and Shelley as well as its implications on the leader-follower behavior.It is clear that George has been practicing autocratic or authoritarian leadership style. (Clark, 2005) Despite Shelleys expertise in Marketing, George unconsiously directs Shelley on her every move causing her to feel very much demotivated with her job.In general, the use of authoritarian leadership style is more appropriate when the leader is training a peeled employee without any form of actual experienc e with the job. (Clark, 2005) Since Shelley has gained several successful experiences in the field of Marketing, George should apply a delegative or free reign leadership style to empower Shelley to be a part of significant Marketing-related decision-making. (Clark, 2005)When applying the delegative leadership style, George should develop a clear organizational goal which will serve as a guide on where the company as a team should focus. Upon discussing with Shelley her main goal, George should give her an ultimatum of three- to six-months period to arrive up with a good Marketing result. (Lawrie, 2004 38)George should learn and adopt the transformational leadership style. (Goodnight, 2004 36) In general, transformational leaders atomic number 18 the ones that do not practice positional authority. Instead of using authoritative leadership style, transformational leaders are committed to train and develop the rest of employees to become a leader

Research paper "New Zealand" Examintation of its business

new-fangled Zealand Examintation of its clientele practices - Research Paper ExampleIn the country, the normal business hours are from 8.30 am to 5pm from Monday to Friday. For near businesses, they open on Saturday but not on Sunday and the normal business hours are unremarkably from 9am to 12.30 pm. When intending to meet any business associate, individuals are advised to make an appointment in advance and business meetings are expected to start just after a few minutes of a blue talk (collins, Roper, & Lawrence, 2010).Trust in the business world in New Zealand is considered as a truly important factor. Thus, individuals are encouraged to cultivate and build trusting relationships. If an individuals indicates to a assistant some reasons not to trust them, then it becomes actually difficult to rebuild the trust back. Business executions, presentations and negotiations needs to be clear and on the point without a lot of flowery languages, as such(prenominal) practices are fr owned upon. Often business negotiations are expected to take time without rush or the coat of unnecessary pressure to force the deal through in order to make a trade in an effort of retaining the customer and convincing them appropriately in the right manner (Campbell-Allen, Houston, & Mann, 2008). According to Collins et al., (2010) the New Zealand business community does not allow haggling. In this regards when doing business, it is important not to start with senior high school prices expecting to bargain downwards. Rather business persons need to start with realistic figures that provide the customer the required rank for their money or they will opt for other alternative options.The accepted language for doing business is English, and very few organizations, and companies will use another language unless the particular language is specifically required for a delegates meeting or an event. When doing business in the country, first impressions are considered important. Therefo re, when

Financial Services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Financial Services - Essay ExampleThe paper tells that economic activities, financial run, and banking have experienced quite a few changes in the last couple of decades. As the industrial activities see an upsurge on the global scale, it requires more funds to sustain the upsurge together with decorous m peerlessy with the consumer, for being able to use those products and services from the industry. The institutions, in turn, are supposed to make their trading trading operations and services attractive enough for the industry and the customer. The place that is addition done by both operations management and operations strategy happens to be fundamental to any organization. The articles mentioned in the paper have one thing in common they underline the need for effective management of financial aspects of a business. Providing services or goods are the basic forms of operational activities. All organizations try to provide a combination of products and services, victimisatio n available sources with them. Opening a bank account, taking a meal in a restaurant, visit a hospital, buying pair shoes, ensuring a vehicle, a hotel stay etc. are all operations activities and their management is central to the successful provisioning of goods and services. Such value addition helps the banks and financial institutions help in qualification them friendly institutions to the customer base at large. Marketing consists of the strategies and tactics used to identify, create, and maintain satisfying relationships with customers that go out in value for both the customer and the marketer. Relationship management, the very basis of running financial services, asks for earning the commitment of customer. This in turn calls for keeping the hands motivated enough, while extending valuable services to the customers. The global prudence has made it almost mandatory for retail stores, banks, financial institutions etc. that an effective strategy is adopted for managing th e workforce and the diversity at the organisation so that everybody is able to enjoy a better working environs and the customer too feels valued. This helps the company in taking on the competitors with fullest potential. The bank (or any company for that matter) hatful acquire competitive advantage on its rivals on account of marketing efforts, brand building, value creation, innovation, write out chain management, operational efficiencies etc. But more important is to sustain the advantage. The value configuration helps in sustaining the advantage. It describes how value is created in a company for its customers, how the most important business processes function to create value for customers and the way a particular company/ organization conducts its business. In this study

William Caslon typeface analysis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

William Caslon graphic symbolface analysis - Term Paper ExampleThe fulfil of type founding by William Caslon constituted four separate tasks. The first stage in this intricate whole step was punch effting which involved carving the mirror image of a character, letter or consider in relief.This bidding was done on the end of shank annealed steal that was later tempered. The second process in production of type entailed chasing which involved ornamenting metal by tools and a hammer crafted for indenting. Following this process was spueing which entailed placing the matrix in mold hand and consequently the chamber mold was realigned to fit the dimensions of the cast character. The eventual pieces were designed to be a three dimensional product of the character cast from the punch.The final examination operation consisted of dressing the type which included type press preparation such as rupture off the jet and filing off mold protrusions. It is of importance to none that the C aslon types symbolized functionality, strength and presence of legibility.Calson proceeded to cut very many non-Latin types such as Armenian, Coptic, Arabic, Greek and Hebrew. Some of the notable fonts by William Caslon included the full-size Caslon, Caslon Graphique, Caslon Old Face, ITC Caslon no. 224, ITC Founders Caslon, ITC Founders Caslon Ornaments. The fonts designed by Caslon exhibited a modelling delicacy and a design variety that was not evident in the Dutch types.One of the distinct differences between the Caslon types and Dutch types was monotony. In effect, the Caslon types were less monotonous compared to the Dutch types which were characteristically monotonous. To this end, the smaller size Caslon letters when analyzed were not perfect individually. However, their mass effect was agreeable. The Caslon Old style no. 471 is regarded as the metal version that is comfortably related to William Caslons originals. Furthermore, the Caslon Old style Italics and Romans are produced from the original